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Normally, all web server processes run as the default web server user (often wwwrun, www-data, apache or nobody). The suEXEC feature consists of a module for the web server and a binary executable which acts as a wrapper. suEXEC was introduced in Apache 1.2 and is often included in the default Apache package provided by most Linux distributions .
It was able to limit the number of concurrent HTTP requests for specified resources (path portion of request URLs) on the web server. More features were added and some of them were useful to protect Apache servers against DoS attacks. [3] [4] In 2012, mod_qos was included to the Ubuntu Linux distribution. [5] Major releases: [6]
Virtual hosting is a method for hosting multiple domain names (with separate handling of each name) on a single server (or pool of servers). [1] This allows one server to share its resources, such as memory and processor cycles, without requiring all services provided to use the same host name.
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The web server appends the path found in requested URL (HTTP request message) and appends it to the path of the (Host) website root directory. On an Apache server, this is commonly /home/www/website (on Unix machines, usually it is: /var/www/website). See the following examples of how it may result. URL path translation for a static file request
Apache License, Version 1.1: Server-wide or per connection bandwidth limits, based on the directory, size of files and remote IP/domain. [95] mod_bonjour: mod_bw: The httpd web server doesn't really have a way to control how much resources a given virtual host can have/ a user can request.
The parameter "virtual" handles any directory paths as if part of the URL, while "file" handles any directory paths as in the underlying filesystem. When using "file" it is forbidden to reference absolute paths or ../ to access a parent directory. The Apache documentation recommends using "virtual" in preference to "file". [7]
The domain name of the server (for virtual hosting), and the TCP port number on which the server is listening. The port number may be omitted if the port is the standard port for the service requested. Mandatory since HTTP/1.1. [17] If the request is generated directly in HTTP/2, it should not be used. [18]