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  2. Epidemiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidemiology

    Modern population-based health management is complex, requiring a multiple set of skills (medical, political, technological, mathematical, etc.) of which epidemiological practice and analysis is a core component, that is unified with management science to provide efficient and effective health care and health guidance to a population.

  3. Epidemiological method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidemiological_method

    Epidemiological (and other observational) studies typically highlight associations between exposures and outcomes, rather than causation. While some consider this a limitation of observational research, epidemiological models of causation (e.g. Bradford Hill criteria) [7] contend that an entire body of evidence is needed before determining if an association is truly causal. [8]

  4. Public health surveillance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_health_surveillance

    Public health surveillance (also epidemiological surveillance, clinical surveillance or syndromic surveillance) is, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), "the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of health-related data needed for the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice."

  5. Bradford Hill criteria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bradford_Hill_criteria

    They have also been used in non-human epidemiological studies, such as on the effects of neonicotinoid pesticides on honey bees. [23] Their use in quality improvement of health care services has been proposed, highlighting how quality improvement methods can be used to provide evidence for the criteria. [24]

  6. OpenEpi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenEpi

    OpenEpi is a free, web-based, open source, operating system-independent series of programs for use in epidemiology, biostatistics, public health, and medicine, providing a number of epidemiologic and statistical tools for summary data.

  7. Clinical epidemiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_epidemiology

    Clinical epidemiology is a subfield of epidemiology specifically focused on issues relevant to clinical medicine. The term was first introduced by virologist John R. Paul in his presidential address to the American Society for Clinical Investigation in 1938. [1] [2] It is sometimes referred to as "the basic science of clinical medicine". [3]

  8. PRECEDE–PROCEED model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precede–proceed_model

    It provides a comprehensive structure for assessing health and quality of life needs, and for designing, implementing and evaluating health promotion and other public health programs to meet those needs. [2] [3] [4] One purpose and guiding principle of the PRECEDE–PROCEED model is to direct initial attention to outcomes, rather than inputs.

  9. Public health nursing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_health_nursing

    Public health nursing, also known as community health nursing is a nursing specialty focused on public health.The term was coined by Lillian Wald of the Henry Street Settlement, or, Public health nurses (PHNs) or community health nurses "integrate community involvement and knowledge about the entire population with personal, clinical understandings of the health and illness experiences of ...