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A directory traversal (or path traversal) attack exploits insufficient security validation or sanitization of user-supplied file names, such that characters representing "traverse to parent directory" are passed through to the operating system's file system API. An affected application can be exploited to gain unauthorized access to the file system
A file inclusion vulnerability is a type of web vulnerability that is most commonly found to affect web applications that rely on a scripting run time.This issue is caused when an application builds a path to executable code using an attacker-controlled variable in a way that allows the attacker to control which file is executed at run time.
If the above is stored in the executable file ./check, the shell command ./check " 1 ) evil" will attempt to execute the injected shell command evil instead of comparing the argument with the constant one. Here, the code under attack is the code that is trying to check the parameter, the very code that might have been trying to validate the ...
Insecure direct object reference (IDOR) is a type of access control vulnerability in digital security. [1]This can occur when a web application or application programming interface uses an identifier for direct access to an object in an internal database but does not check for access control or authentication.
Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) logo. The Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) is a category system for hardware and software weaknesses and vulnerabilities.It is sustained by a community project with the goals of understanding flaws in software and hardware and creating automated tools that can be used to identify, fix, and prevent those flaws. [1]
Server Side Includes (SSI) is a simple interpreted server-side scripting language used almost exclusively for the World Wide Web.It is most useful for including the contents of one or more files into a web page on a web server (see below), using its #include directive.
In cases where no known index.* file exists within a given directory, the web server may be configured to provide an automatically generated listing of the files within the directory instead. With the Apache web server, for example, this behavior is provided by the mod_autoindex module [ 9 ] and controlled by the Options +Indexes directive [ 10 ...
Node.js programs are invoked by running the interpreter node interpreter with a given file, so the first two arguments will be node and the name of the JavaScript source file. It is often useful to extract the rest of the arguments by slicing a sub-array from process.argv .