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Fibroblast growth factor protein was first purified in 1975, but soon afterwards others using different conditions isolated acidic FGF, Heparin-binding growth factor-1, and Endothelial cell growth factor-1. [7] Gene sequencing revealed that this group was actually the same growth factor and that FGF1 was a member of a family of FGF proteins.
These independently discovered proteins were eventually demonstrated to be the same sets of molecules, namely FGF1, HBGF-1 and ECGF-1 were all the same acidic fibroblast growth factor described by Gospodarowicz, et al., while FGF2, HBGF-2, and ECGF-2 were all the same basic fibroblast growth factor. [1]
The FGFR1 gene is located on human chromosome 8 at position p11.23 (i.e. 8p11.23), has 24 exons, and codes for a Precursor mRNA that is alternatively spliced at exons 8A or 8B thereby generating two mRNAs coding for two FGFR1 isoforms, FGFR1-IIIb (also termed FGFR1b) and FGFR1-IIIc (also termed FGFR1c), respectively.
The natural alternate splicing of four fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) genes results in the production of over 48 different isoforms of FGFR. [3] These isoforms vary in their ligand-binding properties and kinase domains, however all share the common extracellular region composed of three immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains (D1-D3), and ...
The FGF-1 internal ribosome entry site (IRES) is an RNA element present in the 5' UTR of the mRNA of fibroblast growth factor 1 and allows cap-independent translation. It is thought that FGF-1 internal ribosome entry site (IRES) activity is strictly controlled and highly tissue specific.
Histopathologically, FMTs consist of neoplastic connective tissue cells which have differented into cells that have microscopic appearances resembling fibroblasts and/or myofibroblasts. The fibroblastic cells are characterized as spindle-shaped cells with inconspicuous nucleoli that express vimentin , an intracellular protein typically found in ...
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR-2) also known as CD332 (cluster of differentiation 332) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGFR2 gene residing on chromosome 10. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] FGFR2 is a receptor for fibroblast growth factor .
Fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGFRL1 gene. [5] The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family, where amino acid sequence is highly conserved between members and throughout evolution. FGFR family members differ from one another in their ...