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Likewise, tripolyphosphoric acid H 5 P 3 O 10 yields at least five anions [H 5−k P 3 O 10] k−, where k ranges from 1 to 5, including tripolyphosphate [P 3 O 10] 5−. Tetrapolyphosphoric acid H 6 P 4 O 13 yields at least six anions, including tetrapolyphosphate [P 4 O 13] 6−, and so on. Note that each extra phosphoric unit adds one extra ...
Trisodium phosphate was at one time extensively used in formulations for a variety of consumer-grade soaps and detergents, and the most common use for trisodium phosphate has been in cleaning agents. The pH of a 1% solution is 12 (i.e., very basic ), and the solution is sufficiently alkaline to saponify grease and oils.
Today, formulations with zeolites, polycarboxylates, citric acid, and sodium bicarbonate are among the most effective and popular substitutes for phosphates in detergent cleaning products. [26] This, along with improved water treatment processes, has greatly contributed to a significant reduction in the amount of phosphate from detergent in ...
Phosphoric acid (orthophosphoric acid, monophosphoric acid or phosphoric(V) acid) is a colorless, odorless phosphorus-containing solid, and inorganic compound with the chemical formula H 3 P O 4. It is commonly encountered as an 85% aqueous solution , which is a colourless, odourless, and non- volatile syrupy liquid.
benzoic acid ester, C 6 H 5 COO(CH 2) 11-14 CH 3 (commonly found in products that are fade resistant and water/sweat resistant) allantoin: N-(2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)urea stops bleeding of cuts from shaving [citation needed] alpha-isomethyl ionone: 3-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-enyl)but-3-en-2-one fragrance ingredient [6] aluminium ...
Manufacturers are using substitutes such as EDTA and other biodegradable chemicals instead. Phosphates bind calcium and magnesium ions to prevent 'hard-water' type limescale deposits. They can cause ecological damage, so their use is starting to be phased out. Phosphate-free detergents are sold as eco-friendly detergents.
The source fatty acid may contain varying ratios of different fatty acids (e.g. lauric acid (C12:0), myristic acid (C14:0), palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), arachidic acid (C20:0), behenic acid (C22:0), etc.). Second, lactic acid readily undergoes self-esterification producing a variety of polylactyls (typically numbering from one ...
Etidronic acid (HEDP): 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid, used in detergents, water treatment, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals; ATMP: Aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid), chelating agent; EDTMP: Ethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid), chelating agent; TDTMP: Tetramethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid), chelating agent