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Rizatriptan, sold under the brand name Maxalt among others, is a medication used for the treatment of migraine headaches. [1] [3] It is taken by mouth. [1] [3] It can also be applied on the tongue. [2] It is a serotonin (5-HT) 1B/1D receptor agonist (triptan). [1] [2] Common side effects include chest pain, dizziness, dry mouth, and tingling. [3]
A systematic review found that "rizatriptan 10 mg was the only triptan with a recurrence rate greater than that of placebo". [ 24 ] There is a theoretical risk of coronary spasm in patients with established heart disease, and cardiac events after taking triptans may rarely occur.
The triptan drug class includes 1st generation sumatriptan (which has poor bioavailability), and second generation zolmitriptan. [2] Due to their safety, efficacy and selectivity, triptans are considered first line agents for abortion of migraines. [2] These medications are selective 5-HT 1B/1D receptor agonists with some activity at 5-HT 1F.
Cipriani noted that, “despite their effectiveness, triptans are underused,” as, “according to European population-based data, only 3.4–22.4% of people with migraine are using triptans.”
A meta-analysis of 53 clinical trials has shown that all triptans are effective for treating migraine at marketed doses and that naratriptan, although less effective than sumatriptan and rizatriptan was more effective than placebo in reducing migraine symptoms at two hours [3] and efficacy was demonstrated in almost two thirds of subjects after four hours of treatment.
Rescue treatment involves acute symptomatic control with medication. [4] Recommendations for rescue therapy of migraine include: (1) migraine-specific agents such as triptans, CGRP antagonists, or ditans for patients with severe headaches or for headaches that respond poorly to analgesics, (2) non-oral (typically nasal or injection) route of administration for patients with vomiting, (3) avoid ...
Triptans are specific and selective agonists for the 5-HT 1 receptors. Sumatriptan [4] binds to 5-HT 1D receptors, zolmitriptan, [5] rizatriptan, [6] naratriptan, [7] almotriptan, [8] and frovatriptan [9] binds to 5-HT 1B/1D and eletriptan [10] binds to 5-HT 1B/1D/1F receptors. Triptans are believed to exert their effects through ...
Like all triptans, almotriptan has a high and specific affinity for serotonin 5-HT 1B/1D receptors. Binding of the drug to the receptor leads to vasoconstriction of the cranial (brain) blood vessels and thus affects the redistribution of blood flow. Almotriptan significantly increases cerebral blood flow and reduces blood flow through ...
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