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Format is a function in Common Lisp that can produce formatted text using a format string similar to the print format string.It provides more functionality than print, allowing the user to output numbers in various formats (including, for instance: hex, binary, octal, roman numerals, and English), apply certain format specifiers only under certain conditions, iterate over data structures ...
As the format string is processed left-to-right, a subsequent value is used for each format specifier found. A format specifier starts with a % character and has one or more following characters that specify how to serialize a value. The format string syntax and semantics is the same for all of the functions in the printf-like family.
Any 8-bit byte value may be encoded with 3 characters: an = followed by two hexadecimal digits (0–9 or A–F) representing the byte's numeric value. For example, an ASCII form feed character (decimal value 12) can be represented by =0C, and an ASCII equal sign (decimal value 61) must be represented by =3D.
The hhhh for hexadecimal digits may mix uppercase and lowercase letters, though uppercase is the usual style. However the XML and HTML standards restrict the usable code points to a set of valid values, which is a subset of UCS/Unicode code point values, that excludes all code points assigned to non-characters or to surrogates, and most code ...
Hexadecimal (also known as base-16 or simply hex) is a positional numeral system that represents numbers using a radix (base) of sixteen. Unlike the decimal system representing numbers using ten symbols, hexadecimal uses sixteen distinct symbols, most often the symbols "0"–"9" to represent values 0 to 9 and "A"–"F" to represent values from ten to fifteen.
In a hexadecimal system, there are 16 digits, 0 through 9 followed, by convention, with A through F. That is, a hexadecimal "10" is the same as a decimal "16" and a hexadecimal "20" is the same as a decimal "32". An example and comparison of numbers in different bases is described in the chart below.
Converts an 8-bit number to hexadecimal using two digits, useful for formating RGB color components. This template can be substituted. Input. one parameter, numeric in the range 0..255 (larger numbers will wrap around)
Here is a very simple program in re2c (example.re). It checks that all input arguments are hexadecimal numbers. The code for re2c is enclosed in comments /*!re2c ... */, all the rest is plain C code. See the official re2c website for more complex examples. [23]