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The Hmong–Mien languages (also known as Miao–Yao and rarely as Yangtzean) [1] are a highly tonal language family of southern China and northern Southeast Asia.They are spoken in mountainous areas of southern China, including Guizhou, Hunan, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangxi, Guangdong and Hubei provinces; the speakers of these languages are predominantly "hill people", in contrast to the ...
Baishi Miao 白市苗 of Baishi District, Tianzhu County, eastern Guizhou, possibly a mixed Chinese and Miao language [23] In southwestern Hunan, divergent Sinitic language varieties spoken by Miao and Yao peoples include: [24] Guanxia Pinghua 关峡平话, spoken by ethnic Miao in Suining County, Hunan.
Proto-Hmong–Mien (PHM), also known as Proto-Miao–Yao (PMY; Chinese: 原始苗瑶语), is the reconstructed ancestor of the Hmong–Mien languages. Lower-level reconstructions include Proto-Hmongic and Proto-Mienic .
This language family, which consists of 6 languages and around 35 dialects (some of which are mutually intelligible) belongs to the Hmong/Miao branch of the Hmong–Mien (Miao–Yao) language family. A large population of the Hmong have emigrated to the northern mountainous reaches of Southeast Asia including Thailand, Laos , Vietnam, and Burma .
The Mienic or Yao languages are spoken by the Yao people of China, Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand.. Some of the Yao peoples speak Hmongic languages (Miao); these are called Bunu.A small population of Yao people in Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County (金秀瑶族自治县) in eastern Guangxi speak a Tai-Kadai language called Lakkia.
The Hmu language (hveb Hmub), also known as Qiandong Miao (黔东, Eastern Guizhou Miao), Central Miao (中部苗语), East Hmongic (Ratliff 2010 [2]), or (somewhat ambiguously) Black Miao, is a dialect cluster of Hmongic languages of China. The best studied dialect is that of Yǎnghāo (养蒿) village, Taijiang County, Guizhou Province. [2]
For an example of how the unified alphabet is used to write Iu Mien, a common Yao language, see Iu Mien language. There is a separate written standard for Bunu, since it is from the Hmong/Miao side, rather than the Mien/Yao side, of the Miao–Yao language family.
The Bu–Nao or Bunu languages are a Hmongic (Miao) language branch spoken in Guangxi, Yunnan, and Guizhou in China. Its speakers are officially classified as ethnic Yao but speak Hmongic languages. The branch consists of three languages, which are Bunu (or Bunu proper), Baonao , and Numao. The term Bu–Nao is a portmanteau of Bunu and Nao Klao.