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  2. Positive interdependence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positive_interdependence

    Positive interdependence (cooperation) results in promotive interaction where individuals encourage and facilitate teammates' efforts to complete the task. Negative interdependence (competition) encourages contrient interaction where team members work to oppose or block the success of others on their team while working to further their own ...

  3. David W. Johnson (scholar) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_W._Johnson_(scholar)

    He conducted a program of research to identify the factors that mediate the impact of cooperation, such as positive interdependence, individual accountability, promotive interaction, social skills, and group processing. In addition, he has conducted a series of studies identifying the conditions under which competition results in constructive ...

  4. Cooperative learning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooperative_learning

    Positive interdependence results in promotive interaction. Negative interdependence exists when there is a negative correlation among individuals' goal achievements; individual perceive that they can obtain their goals if and only if the other individuals with whom they are competitively like fail to obtain their goals.

  5. Interdependence theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interdependence_theory

    Interdependence theory is a social exchange theory that states that interpersonal relationships are defined through interpersonal interdependence, which is "the process by which interacting people influence one another's experiences" [1] (Van Lange & Balliet, 2014, p. 65). The most basic principle of the theory is encapsulated in the equation I ...

  6. Graph theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_theory

    In mathematics and computer science, graph theory is the study of graphs, which are mathematical structures used to model pairwise relations between objects.

  7. Triadic closure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triadic_closure

    Triadic closure is a concept in social network theory, first suggested by German sociologist Georg Simmel in his 1908 book Soziologie [Sociology: Investigations on the Forms of Sociation]. [1] Triadic closure is the property among three nodes A, B, and C (representing people, for instance), that if the connections A-B and A-C exist, there is a ...

  8. Glossary of graph theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_graph_theory

    Spectral graph theory is the branch of graph theory that uses spectra to analyze graphs. See also spectral expansion. split 1. A split graph is a graph whose vertices can be partitioned into a clique and an independent set. A related class of graphs, the double split graphs, are used in the proof of the strong perfect graph theorem.

  9. Social graph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_graph

    The social graph is a graph that represents social relations between entities. In short, it is a model or representation of a social network, where the word graph has been taken from graph theory. The social graph has been referred to as "the global mapping of everybody and how they're related". [1]