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Gardiner's sign list is a list of common Egyptian hieroglyphs compiled by Sir Alan Gardiner. It is considered a standard reference in the study of ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs. Gardiner lists only the common forms of Egyptian hieroglyphs, but he includes extensive subcategories, and also both vertical and horizontal forms for many hieroglyphs.
The total number of distinct Egyptian hieroglyphs increased over time from several hundred in the Middle Kingdom to several thousand during the Ptolemaic Kingdom. In 1928/1929 Alan Gardiner published an overview of hieroglyphs, Gardiner's sign list, the basic modern standard. It describes 763 signs in 26 categories (A–Z, roughly).
Egyptian Grammar: Being an Introduction to the Study of Hieroglyphs is a 1927 book by English Egyptologist Alan Gardiner. First published in 1927 in London by the Clarendon Press, it has been reprinted several times since. The third edition, published in 1957, is the most widely used version for the subject.
Lists of Egyptian hieroglyphs cover Egyptian hieroglyphs. They include: Gardiner's sign list, a list of common Egyptian hieroglyphs compiled by Sir Alan Gardiner and published in 1928–1929. List of Egyptian hieroglyphs, an updated list that extends Gardiner's lists; Egyptian Hieroglyphs (Unicode block), the official computer encoding of the ...
The book contains five appendices, including a sign list referring to Gardiner's Sign List, and ascribing each sign's name; not all 700 names of Gardiner's list are standardized, nor is every sign completely understood as to meaning. Also, an 'answer key' to the exercises, and a short dictionary: "Word List (Egyptian to English)".
Entry 26 is an image, or statue, using the vertical mummy hieroglyph gardiner A53, ("in the form of", "the custom of"). These last six entries are unreferenced. The 1920 Budge dictionary is a compilation of 200 referenced works by 120 authors.
In 1902 Gardiner moved to Berlin, to help gather material for Adolf Erman's projected Egyptian dictionary, serving as a sub-editor from 1906 to 1908. From 1906 to 1912, he was the Laycock Fellow of Egyptology at Worcester College, Oxford. [4]
Hieroglyphs Without Mystery: An Introduction to Ancient Egyptian Writing, Karl-Theodor Zauzich, English translation, Ann Macy Roth, c. 1992, University of Texas Press, Austin. Appendix-(problem solutions), "Hieroglyphic Sign List"-(abbreviated Gardiner's), Museum Numbers and Photo Credits for the Objects Discussed-(12 entries