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Dutch phonology is similar to that of other West Germanic languages, especially Afrikaans and West Frisian. Standard Dutch has two main de facto pronunciation standards: Northern and Belgian. Northern Standard Dutch is the most prestigious accent in the Netherlands. It is associated with high status, education and wealth.
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Dutch pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
Own work, based on the vowel charts in B. Collins & I. M. Mees - The Phonetics of English and Dutch, Fifth Revised Edition, page 137. ISBN 90-04-13225-2 Author
Description: IPA vowel chart of Dutch diphthong vowels, originally drawn by en:User:Nohat, retraced in SVG format.: Date: 17 April 2009, 05:00 (UTC): Source: Own work, based on the vowel chart in "Handbook of the International Phonetic Association", chapter "Dutch".
In Northern Dutch, /ɣ/ appears immediately before voiced consonants and sometimes also between vowels, but not in the word-initial position. In the latter case, the sound is not voiced and differs from /x/ in length (/ɣ/ is longer) and in that it is produced a little bit further front (mediovelar, rather than postvelar) and lacks any trilling, so that vlaggen /ˈvlɑɣən/ 'flags' has a ...
Dutch uses the following letters and letter combinations. For simplicity, dialectal variation and subphonemic distinctions are not always indicated. See Dutch phonology for more information. The following list shows letters and combinations, along with their pronunciations, found in modern native or nativised vocabulary:
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You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work; to remix – to adapt the work; Under the following conditions: attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.