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Large-cell lung carcinoma (LCLC), or large-cell carcinoma (LCC) in short, is a heterogeneous group of undifferentiated malignant neoplasms that lack the cytologic and architectural features of small cell carcinoma and glandular or squamous differentiation. [1]
Many small series have suggested that the prognosis of lung tumors with giant cells is worse than that of most other forms of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), [11] including squamous cell carcinoma, [42] and spindle cell carcinoma. [42] The overall five-year survival rate in GCCL varies between studies but is generally considered to be very low.
While undifferentiated large-cell lung carcinoma is the most common parent lung tumor from which a rhabdoid phenotype evolves, [21] malignant cells with a rhabdoid phenotype are known to occur in many different histological variants of lung cancer, including adenocarcinoma, [22] sarcomatoid carcinoma, [23] [22] squamous cell carcinoma, [24 ...
NSCLCs comprise a group of three cancer types: adenocarcinoma, squamous-cell carcinoma, and large-cell carcinoma. [20] Nearly 40% of lung cancers are adenocarcinomas. [21] Their cells grow in three-dimensional clumps, resemble glandular cells, and may produce mucin. [20] About 30% of lung cancers are squamous-cell carcinomas.
Large-cell carcinoma (LCC), like small-cell carcinoma (SCC) is very rare and only accounts for about 5% of all cervical cancers. Early-stage LCC are extremely aggressive and difficult to diagnose due to the sub-mucosal location of the tumor and intact overlying mucosa. As with SCC, in LCC early cases are asymptomatic.
large-cell keratinizing squamous-cell carcinoma (code 8071/3) large-cell nonkeratinizing squamous-cell carcinoma (code 8072/3) small-cell keratinizing squamous-cell carcinoma (code 8073/3) spindle-cell squamous-cell carcinoma (code 8074/3) It is also known as spindle-cell carcinoma, [23] and is a subtype characterized by spindle-shaped atypical ...
Pemetrexed has been shown to improve survival in non-squamous cell NSCLC, and is the first drug to reveal differential survival benefit in large cell lung carcinoma. [7] [71] C-SCLC appear to express female hormone (i.e. estrogen and/or progesterone) receptors in a high (50–67%) proportion of cases, similar to breast carcinomas. [72]
Basaloid forms of lung carcinoma were first described in the peer-reviewed medical literature by Dr. Elisabeth Brambilla and her colleagues in 1992. [11] They were first recognized as distinct clinicopathological variants of both squamous cell and large cell lung cancers in 1999, within the third revision of the World Health Organization lung tumor typing and classification scheme.