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World War I was the first war to see major use of planes for offensive, defensive and reconnaissance operations, and both the Entente Powers and the Central Powers used planes extensively. Almost as soon as they were invented, planes were drafted for military service. Battles: 1914 in aviation. Raid on Cuxhaven
Map of territorial changes in Europe after World War I (as of 1923) The Paris Peace Conference imposed a series of peace treaties on the Central Powers officially ending the war. The 1919 Treaty of Versailles dealt with Germany and, building on Wilson's 14th point , established the League of Nations on 28 June 1919.
Spain had maintained a non-aligned stance during the political difficulties of pre-war Europe, and continued its neutrality after the war until the Spanish Civil War began in 1936. [2] While there was no direct military involvement in the war, German forces were interned in Spanish Guinea in late 1915.
The Meuse-Argonne American Cemetery is located near the village of Romagne-Gesnes in the Forest of Argonne, France, in the area captured by the US 32nd Infantry Division in World War I. It is the largest American cemetery in Europe, covering 52 hectares. A stone wall over 1 1/2 miles long encircles the cemetery.
The Western Front was one of the main theatres of war during the First World War. Following the outbreak of war in August 1914, the Imperial German Army opened the Western Front by invading Luxembourg and Belgium, then gaining military control of important industrial regions in France. The German advance was halted with the Battle of the Marne.
French infantry pushing through enemy barbed wire, 1915. During World War I, France was one of the Triple Entente powers allied against the Central Powers.Although fighting occurred worldwide, the bulk of the French Army's operations occurred in Belgium, Luxembourg, France and Alsace-Lorraine along what came to be known as the Western Front, which consisted mainly of trench warfare.
The fateful alliance: France, Russia, and the coming of the First World War (1984) online free to borrow; covers 1890 to 1894. Keiger, John. "Jules Cambon and Franco-German Détente, 1907–1914." Historical Journal 26.3 (1983): 641–659. Keiger, John F. V. (1983). France and the origins of the First World War. Macmillan. ISBN 9780333285527.
The Macmillan Dictionary of the First World War (1995) Strachan, Hew. The First World War: Volume I: To Arms (2004) Trask, David F. The United States in the Supreme War Council: American War Aims and Inter-Allied Strategy, 1917–1918 (1961) Tucker Spencer C (1999). The European Powers in the First World War: An Encyclopedia. New York: Garland.