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However, a sheet of common copy paper that has a basis weight of 20 pounds (9.1 kg) does not have the same mass as the same size sheet of coarse paper (newsprint). In the former case, the standard ream is 500 sheets of 17-by-22-inch (432 by 559 mm) paper, and in the latter, 500 sheets of 24-by-36-inch (610 by 914 mm) paper.
The density can be calculated by dividing the grammage of paper (in grams per square metre or "gsm") by its caliper (usually in micrometres, occasionally in mils). [1] The "ISO 534:2011, Paper and board — Determination of thickness, density and specific volume" indicates that the paper density is expressed in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm ...
The measurement data is integrated to eliminate a small-scale formation variation from the measurement result. The measurement value is averaged so that each sensor gives one measurement value per one data box which is typically from 5 mm to one centimeter of web width. For a 1 meter wide web, for instance, 100 - 200 measurement values are taken.
In the paper and fabric industries, it is called grammage and is expressed in grams per square meter (g/m 2); for paper in particular, it may be expressed as pounds per ream of standard sizes ("basis ream"). A related area number density can be defined by replacing mass by number of particles or other countable quantity, with resulting units of ...
The maximum tolerance specified is ∆L 4, ∆a 2 and ∆b 2. When selecting a paper for production, it is very important to measure the paper shade. A spectrophotometer or a spectrodensitometer can be used. Publishers should also check for batch to batch variations. The ultimate aim is to use the paper which has a shade closer to ISO ...
For example, "five tenths," is typically a measurement or tolerance of five ten-thousandths of an inch, and written as 0.0005 inches. "Three tenths," as another example, is written as 0.0003 inches. [9] Machining "to within a few tenths" is often considered very accurate, and at or near the extreme limit of tolerance capability in most contexts.
An adjunct to the ISO paper sizes, particularly the A series, are the technical drawing line widths specified in ISO 128. For example, line type A ("Continuous - thick", used for "visible outlines") has a standard thickness of 0.7 mm on an A0-sized sheet, 0.5 mm on an A1 sheet, and 0.35 mm on A2, A3, or A4. [10]
A paper bundle is a quantity of sheets of paper, currently standardized as 1,000 sheets. A bundle consists of two reams or 40 quires. As an old UK and US measure, it was previously equal to 960 sheets. [9] When referring to chipboard, there are two standards in the US. In general, a package of approximately 50 pounds of chipboard is called a ...