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The Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Teacher and Parent Rating Scale (SNAP), developed by James Swanson, Edith Nolan and William Pelham, is a 90-question self-report inventory designed to measure attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms in children and young adults. [1]
The Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham—IV (SNAP-IV) rating scale forms are included for parent/guardian and teachers to complete. The rating scales offer categorical and dimensional input across the 18 core diagnostic items from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-IV Fourth Edition-Revised.
This questionnaire was developed by Pelham and colleagues in 1992 [1] and inspired other widely used questionnaires, including the SNAP-IV (Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Teacher and Parent Rating Scale) and the Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Rating Scale (Wolraich et al., 2003).
ADHD inattentive type: Must score either a 2 or 3 on six or more items in questions 1–9, and score of 1 or 2 on any items in the performance section. ADHD hyperactive/impulsive type: Must score either a 2 or 3 on six or more items in questions 10–18, and a score of 1 or 2 on any items in the performance section.
Results from a cross-sectional study in Qatar Independent and Private Schools revealed that boys between the ages of 6 and 9 exhibited the most ADHD symptoms, with 16.36% of them scoring higher than the 5% threshold for the disorder on the SNAP-IV, standardized rating scale, as opposed to only 4.13% of girls in the same age group. 12.32% of the ...
The ADHD Rating Scale (ADHD-RS) is a parent-report or teacher-report inventory created by George J. DuPaul, Thomas J. Power, Arthur D. Anastopoulos, and Robert Reid [1] consisting of 18–90 questions regarding a child's behavior over the past 6 months. [1]
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The DSM-IV criteria for diagnosis of ADHD is 3–4 times more likely to diagnose ADHD than is the ICD-10 criteria. [212] ADHD is alternately classified as neurodevelopmental disorder [ 213 ] or a disruptive behaviour disorder along with ODD , CD , and antisocial personality disorder . [ 214 ]