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  2. Value added - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_added

    Value added is a term in financial economics for calculating the difference between market value of a product or service, and the sum value of its constituents. It is relatively expressed to the supply-demand curve for specific units of sale. [ 1 ]

  3. Marginal product of labor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marginal_product_of_labor

    A Review of Economics and Economic Methodology argues against pay to their marginal product to pay equal to the amount of their labor input. [14] This is known as the Labor theory of value. Marx characterizes the value of labor as a relationship between the person and things and how the perceived exchange of products is viewed socially. [15]

  4. Marginal propensity to consume - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marginal_propensity_to_consume

    In economics, the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is a metric that quantifies induced consumption, the concept that the increase in personal consumer spending (consumption) occurs with an increase in disposable income (income after taxes and transfers). The proportion of disposable income which individuals spend on consumption is known as ...

  5. Gross value added - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_value_added

    In economics, gross value added (GVA) is the measure of the value of goods and services produced in an area, industry or sector of an economy. "Gross value added is the value of output minus the value of intermediate consumption; it is a measure of the contribution to GDP made by an individual producer, industry or sector; gross value added is the source from which the primary incomes of the ...

  6. Measures of national income and output - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measures_of_national...

    The actual usefulness of a product (its use-value) is not measured – assuming the use-value to be any different from its market value. Three strategies have been used to obtain the market values of all the goods and services produced: the product (or output) method, the expenditure method, and the income method.

  7. Economic value added - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_Value_Added

    In accounting, as part of financial statements analysis, economic value added is an estimate of a firm's economic profit, or the value created in excess of the required return of the company's shareholders. EVA is the net profit less the capital charge ($) for raising the firm's capital.

  8. Tobin's q - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobin's_q

    Tobin's q [a] (or the q ratio, and Kaldor's v), is the ratio between a physical asset's market value and its replacement value.It was first introduced by Nicholas Kaldor in 1966 in his paper: Marginal Productivity and the Macro-Economic Theories of Distribution: Comment on Samuelson and Modigliani.

  9. Marginal product of capital - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marginal_product_of_capital

    In a perfectly competitive market, a firm will continue to add capital until the point where MP K is equal to the rental rate of capital, which is called equilibrium point. This fact justifies why in perfectly competitive capital markets, the price of capital can be seen as the rental rate. [ 5 ]

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