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Orthodox Judaism maintains that the law of matrilineal descent in Judaism dates at least to the time of the covenant at Sinai (c. 1310 BCE). [24] This law was first codified in writing in the Mishna (c. 2nd century CE), [25] and later in the Mishneh Torah (c. 1170–1180 CE) [26] and Shulchan Aruch (1563 CE), without mention of any dissenting ...
Judaism is based on a strict monotheism, and a belief in one single, indivisible, non-compound God. The Shema Yisrael. This is illustrated in what is considered by some to be the Jewish moto, encapsulating the monotheistic nature of Judaism: [1] "Hear, O Israel: The L ORD is our God; the L ORD is one." [2]
Conservative Judaism – Around 300 women rabbis are associated with Conservative Judaism worldwide: Rabbinical Assembly (USA) – as of 2010, 273 (17%) of the 1,648 members of the Rabbinical Assembly were women. [115] Conservative Judaism in Israel – as of 2016, 22 (14%) of the Israeli Masorati movement's 160 rabbi members were women. [112]
After the Bar Kokhba revolt, rabbinic scholars gathered in Tiberias and Safed to re-assemble and re-assess Judaism, its laws, theology, liturgy, beliefs, and leadership structure. In 219 CE, the Sura Academy (from which Jewish Kalam emerged many centuries later) was founded by Abba Arika .
Although Judaism prescribes modesty for both men and women, [77] the importance of modesty in dress and conduct is particularly stressed among women and girls. Orthodox women wear skirts and avoid trousers, and most married Orthodox women cover their hair with a scarf ( tichel ), snood , hat, beret, or wig.
According to medieval Rabbinical enumerations of the 613 commandments, the commandment to procreate (Genesis 1:28) is the first mitzvah in the Torah. [3] This commandment was understood by the rabbis to be only binding on men; women are exempt, though minority views imposed the obligation on both men and women. [4]
In some communities (e.g., Hamburg) it happens on the 30th day after birth. The core elements are Shir hashirim 2:14 (and for a first-born girl, 6:9) and a Mi shebberakh referring to the matriarchs for the naming of the girl. Each community has various additional elements to the ceremony.
Two House theology primarily focuses on the division of the ancient United Monarchy of Israel into two kingdoms, Israel and Judah.Two House theology raises questions when applied to modern peoples who are thought to be descendants of the two ancient kingdoms, both Jews (of the Kingdom of Judah) and the ten lost tribes of the Kingdom of Israel.