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The classes of anomalous diffusions are classified as follows: α < 1: subdiffusion. This can happen due to crowding or walls. For example, a random walker in a crowded room, or in a maze, is able to move as usual for small random steps, but cannot take large random steps, creating subdiffusion.
Filamentation is the anomalous growth of certain bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, in which cells continue to elongate but do not divide (no septa formation). [1] [2] The cells that result from elongation without division have multiple chromosomal copies. [1]
Multi-wavelength anomalous diffraction (sometimes Multi-wavelength anomalous dispersion; abbreviated MAD) is a technique used in X-ray crystallography that facilitates the determination of the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules (e.g. DNA, drug receptors) via solution of the phase problem.
Fick's first law relates the diffusive flux to the gradient of the concentration. It postulates that the flux goes from regions of high concentration to regions of low concentration, with a magnitude that is proportional to the concentration gradient (spatial derivative), or in simplistic terms the concept that a solute will move from a region of high concentration to a region of low ...
Single-wavelength anomalous diffraction (SAD) is a technique used in X-ray crystallography that facilitates the determination of the structure of proteins or other biological macromolecules by allowing the solution of the phase problem.
Whereas if the index increases with increasing wavelength (which is typically the case in the ultraviolet [4]), the medium is said to have anomalous dispersion. At the interface of such a material with air or vacuum (index of ~1), Snell's law predicts that light incident at an angle θ to the normal will be refracted at an angle arcsin( sin ...
Anomalous X-ray scattering (AXRS or XRAS) is a non-destructive determination technique within X-ray diffraction that makes use of the anomalous dispersion that occurs when a wavelength is selected that is in the vicinity of an absorption edge of one of the constituent elements of the sample. It is used in materials research to study nanometer ...
The choice R(u) = u(1 − u) yields Fisher's equation that was originally used to describe the spreading of biological populations, [3] the Newell–Whitehead-Segel equation with R(u) = u(1 − u 2) to describe Rayleigh–Bénard convection, [4] [5] the more general Zeldovich–Frank-Kamenetskii equation with R(u) = u(1 − u)e-β(1-u) and 0 ...