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Glucokinase has been discovered in specific cells in four types of mammalian tissue: liver, pancreas, small intestine, and brain. All play crucial roles in responding to rising or falling levels of blood glucose. The predominant cells of the liver are the hepatocytes, and GK is found exclusively in these cells.
An oral glucose tolerance test is much less abnormal than would be expected from the impaired (elevated) fasting blood sugar, since insulin secretion is usually normal once the glucose has exceeded the threshold for that specific variant of the glucokinase enzyme. The degree of blood sugar elevation does not worsen rapidly with age, and long ...
The glucokinase regulatory protein (GKRP) also known as glucokinase (hexokinase 4) regulator (GCKR) is a protein produced in hepatocytes (liver cells). GKRP binds and moves glucokinase (GK), thereby controlling both activity and intracellular location [1] [2] of this key enzyme of glucose metabolism. [3] GKRP is a 68 kD protein of 626 amino acids.
Acid–base and blood gases are among the few blood constituents that exhibit substantial difference between arterial and venous values. [6] Still, pH, bicarbonate and base excess show a high level of inter-method reliability between arterial and venous tests, so arterial and venous values are roughly equivalent for these. [44]
For about 3 hours after a carbohydrate-containing meal, high insulin levels direct liver cells to take glucose from the blood, to convert it to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) with the enzyme glucokinase and add the G6P molecules to the ends of chains of glycogen (glycogen synthesis).
GLUT4 has a Km value for glucose of about 5 mM, which as stated above is the normal blood glucose level in healthy individuals. GLUT4 is the most abundant glucose transporter in skeletal muscle and is thus considered to be rate limiting for glucose uptake and metabolism in resting muscles. [ 8 ]
231103 Ensembl ENSG00000084734 ENSMUSG00000059434 UniProt Q14397 Q91X44 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001486 NM_144909 NM_001374741 RefSeq (protein) NP_001477 NP_659158 NP_001361670 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 27.5 – 27.52 Mb Chr 5: 31.45 – 31.48 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Glucokinase regulator is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GCKR gene. Function This gene encodes ...
Glucose is converted into glucose 6-phosphate by the action of glucokinase or hexokinase with conversion of ATP to ADP.; Glucose-6-phosphate is converted into glucose-1-phosphate by the action of phosphoglucomutase, passing through the obligatory intermediate glucose-1,6-bisphosphate.