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The purple gallinule (Porphyrio martinica) is a swamphen in the genus Porphyrio. It is in the order Gruiformes, meaning "crane-like", an order which also contains cranes, rails, and crakes. The purple gallinule is a rail species, placing it into the family Rallidae. It is also known locally as the yellow-legged gallinule.
It includes some smaller species of gallinules which are sometimes separated as genus Porphyrula or united with the gallinules proper (or "moorhens") in Gallinula. The Porphyrio gallinules are distributed in the warmer regions of the world. The group probably originated in Africa in the Middle Miocene, before spreading across the world in waves ...
American coot. Order: Gruiformes Family: Rallidae. Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. The most typical family members occupy dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers.
The purple swamphen has been split into the following species: [1] [2] [3] Western swamphen , Porphyrio porphyrio , southwest Europe and northwest Africa African swamphen , Porphyrio madagascariensis , sub-Saharan continental Africa and Madagascar
In some species, it is longer than the head (like the clapper rail of the Americas); in others, it may be short and wide (as in the coots), or massive (as in the purple gallinules). [5] A few coots and gallinules have a frontal shield, which is a fleshy, rearward extension of the upper bill.
The taxonomic treatment [3] (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) used in the accompanying bird lists adheres to the conventions of the AOS's (2019) Check-list of North American Birds, the recognized scientific authority on the taxonomy and nomenclature of North America birds.
American coot (Fulica americana) A – rare vagrant Allen's gallinule (Porphyrio alleni) A – rare vagrant American purple gallinule (Porphyrio martinicus) A – rare vagrant Western swamphen [8] (Porphyrio porphyrio) A – rare vagrant; first record 2016 Baillon's crake (Zapornia pusilla) A – rare vagrant, has bred Little crake (Zapornia parva)
For species found in the 50 states, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, the taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) used in the list are those of the AOS, the recognized scientific authority on the taxonomy and nomenclature of North and Middle American birds.