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Krama Inggil is a polite form of the Javanese language used in daily conversations, [1] especially with older people. The opposite of this speaking manner is called " Boso Ngoko ". [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Nowadays, this manner of speaking is rarely used by the residents of Java , often because it is viewed as an outdated or old fashioned manner of ...
Kamus Jawa Kuna–Indonesia. Translated by Darusuprapta; Sumarti Suprayitna. Jakarta: Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde and Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia and PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama. ISBN 979-605-347-0. 1992–1993, Bahasa parwa : tatabahasa Jawa Kuna: Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press. Bekerja sama dengan I.J. Poedjawijatna.
Kramanisation is a term introduced by Benedict Anderson to describe the process of language stratification in Indonesian.The Indonesian language, which believed as an egalitarian and democratic language, has been developing the division of registers into the low-level speech and high-level speech as found in Javanese.
[5] The motto Bhinneka Tunggal Ika was later incorporated into the state emblem, the Garuda Pancasila . Reporting from the Directorate General of Culture of the Republic of Indonesia, the state symbol was designed by Sultan Hamid II and announced to the public on 15 February 1950.
A 1954 meeting of the Kongres Bahasa saw Rumi officially adopted as a Malay script alongside Jawi in the Federation of Malaya, and government policy over the next few decades favoured Rumi in education, resulting in Jawi literacy becoming less common. Jawi was removed from the national curriculum in the mid-1980s.
Javanese script (natively known as Aksara Jawa, Hanacaraka, Carakan, and Dentawyanjana) [1] is one of Indonesia's traditional scripts developed on the island of Java. The script is primarily used to write the Javanese language and has also been used to write several other regional languages such as Sundanese and Madurese , the regional lingua ...
The numerals 0–9 have independent and modifier forms. The modifiers are used to form powers of 10 or modify the sum of objects. In some cases, there is more than one word for a numeral reflecting the Javanese register system of ngoko (low-register) and krama (high-register), as well as words from a literary form of Javanese called kawi and derived from Old Javanese.
Banyumasan (basa Banyumasan), also known as the autoglottonym Ngapak (basa Ngapak), is a dialect of Javanese spoken mainly in three areas of Java that is the Banyumasan, located in westernmost Central Java province and surrounding the Slamet mountain and Serayu River; a neighboring area inside West Java province; and northern region of Banten province.