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Transfer-appropriate processing (TAP) is a type of state-dependent memory specifically showing that memory performance is not only determined by the depth of processing (where associating meaning with information strengthens the memory; see levels-of-processing effect), but by the relationship between how information is initially encoded and how it is later retrieved.
Phonemic processing includes remembering the word by the way it sounds (e.g. the word tall rhymes with fall). Lastly, we have semantic processing in which we encode the meaning of the word with another word that is similar or has similar meaning. Once the word is perceived, the brain allows for a deeper processing.
Transfer-appropriate processing is a strategy for encoding that leads to successful retrieval. An experiment conducted by Morris and coworkers in 1977 proved that successful retrieval was a result of matching the type of processing used during encoding. [ 41 ]
It is prospective memory specific and is distinct from sequential overlap, or transfer-appropriate processing, which occurs in both retrospective and prospective memory and is defined as the overlap in processing the to-be-remembered memory between planning (or study in retrospective memory) and test times.
The test format doesn't seem to impact the results as it is the process of retrieval that aids the learning [79] but transfer-appropriate processing suggests that if the encoding of information is through a format similar to the retrieval format then the test results are likely to be higher, with a mismatch causing lower results. [80]
Task-appropriate processing appears to be facilitated by the unconscious detection of cues for the appropriate processing strategy. [2] Task-appropriate processing is related to transfer-appropriate processing in that the task-appropriateness of learning strategies influences the effectiveness of recall after learning tasks.
The three levels are; visual form, being the shallowest form, phonology, being a medium level of processing, and semantics (meaning), which is the deepest form of processing. [44] The visual form of processing relies on the ability to see information and break it down into its components (e.g. see the word "dog", composed D, O, and G).
In cognitive psychology, a recall test is a test of memory of mind in which participants are presented with stimuli and then, after a delay, are asked to remember as many of the stimuli as possible.