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The Secret Speech did not fundamentally change Soviet society but had wide-ranging effects. The speech was a factor in unrest in Poland and revolution in Hungary later in 1956, and Stalin defenders led four days of rioting in his native Georgia in June, calling for Khrushchev to resign and Molotov to take over. [133]
The speech prompted the envoys from twelve NATO nations and Israel to leave the room. [4] [5] [6] During Khrushchev's visit to the United States in 1959, the Los Angeles mayor Norris Poulson in his address to Khrushchev stated We do not agree with your widely quoted phrase 'We shall bury you.' You shall not bury us and we shall not bury you.
The same evening, the delegates of foreign communist parties were called to the Kremlin and given the opportunity to read the prepared text of the Khrushchev speech, which was treated as a top secret state document. [11] On 1 March, the text of the Khrushchev speech was distributed in printed form to senior Central Committee functionaries. [12]
After long deliberations, in a month the speech was reported to the general public, but the full text was published only in 1989. Not everyone was ready to accept Khrushchev's new line. Communist Albanian leader Enver Hoxha, for instance, strongly condemned Khrushchev as "revisionist" and severed diplomatic relations. [3]
The publication of this speech caused many party members to resign in protest, both abroad and within the Soviet Union. [ 11 ] [ 6 ] By attacking Stalin, McCauley argues, he was undermining the credibility of Vyacheslav Molotov , Georgy Malenkov , Lazar Kaganovich and other political opponents who had been within "Stalin's inner circle" during ...
During the third visit, in which Nixon and Khrushchev toured a model American kitchen, the two men began an unplanned debate. Nixon's opening argument to the Kitchen Debate rested on United States' appreciation for housewives; he stressed that offering women the opportunity to reside in a comfortable home, through having the appliances be directly-installed, was an example of American superiority.
The Khrushchev trip to Belgrade is sometimes colloquially known as the "Soviet Canossa". [ 7 ] This meeting resulted in the Belgrade declaration ending the Informbiro period , granting other socialist countries the right to interpret Marxism in a different way, and ensured more equal relationships amongst all satellite states and the Soviet Union.
Khrushchev's campaign, while being the most brutal episode of persecution after Stalin's death in Soviet history, largely went unnoticed in the Western world, partly as a result of poor coverage in the Western media, which often instead attempted to portray Khrushchev as a more liberal figure, and partly also as a result of a lack of ...