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A parasympathomimetic drug, sometimes called a cholinomimetic drug [1] or cholinergic receptor stimulating agent, [2] is a substance that stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS).
Physostigmine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, can be used to treat glaucoma and delayed gastric emptying.Because it enhances the transmission of acetylcholine signals in the brain and can cross the blood–brain barrier, physostigmine salicylate is used to treat anticholinergic poisoning (that is, poisoning by substances that interfere with the transmission of acetylcholine signaling, such ...
This is a list of abbreviations used in medical prescriptions, including hospital orders (the patient-directed part of which is referred to as sig codes).This list does not include abbreviations for pharmaceuticals or drug name suffixes such as CD, CR, ER, XT (See Time release technology § List of abbreviations for those).
Agents in common clinical use include: [1] [2] Prostaglandin analogs; Parasympathomimetic (miotic) agents, including cholinergic and anticholinesterase agents; Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (oral and topical)
It is relatively broad spectrum, being effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. [2] The combination is available over the counter in the US and Canada. [5] In 2021, it was the 376th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 25,000 prescriptions. [6]
Erythromycin.The macrolide ring is the lactone (cyclic ester) at upper left. Clarithromycin Roxithromycin. Macrolides are a class of mostly natural products with a large macrocyclic lactone ring to which one or more deoxy sugars, usually cladinose and desosamine, may be attached.
Aminoglycoside is a medicinal and bacteriologic category of traditional Gram-negative antibacterial medications that inhibit protein synthesis and contain as a portion of the molecule an amino-modified glycoside . [1] [2] The term can also refer more generally to any organic molecule that contains amino sugar substructures.
For many Gram-negative bacteria, DNA gyrase is the target, whereas topoisomerase IV is the target for many Gram-positive bacteria. [citation needed] Eukaryotic cells are not believed to contain DNA gyrase or topoisomerase IV. However, debate exists concerning whether the quinolones still have such an adverse effect on the DNA of healthy cells.