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Illustration of uniform compression. The bulk modulus (or or ) of a substance is a measure of the resistance of a substance to bulk compression.It is defined as the ratio of the infinitesimal pressure increase to the resulting relative decrease of the volume.
In more detail (in the ZND model) in the frame of the leading shock of the detonation wave, gases enter at supersonic velocity and are compressed through the shock to a high-density, subsonic flow. This sudden change in pressure initiates the chemical (or sometimes, as in steam explosions, physical) energy release. The energy release re ...
Bulk cargo refers to material in either liquid or granular, particulate (as a mass of relatively small solids) form, such as petroleum/crude oil, grain, coal, or gravel. This cargo is usually dropped or poured, with a spout or shovel bucket, into a bulk carrier ship's hold , railroad car / railway wagon , or tanker truck / trailer / semi ...
For air with a heat capacity ratio =, then =; other gases have in the range 1.09 (e.g. butane) to 1.67 (monatomic gases), so the critical pressure ratio varies in the range < / <, which means that, depending on the gas, choked flow usually occurs when the downstream static pressure drops to below 0.487 to 0.587 times the absolute pressure in ...
As the pressure is reduced still further, a pressure is reached that result in M = 1 at the throat with subsonic flow throughout the remainder of the nozzle. There is another receiver pressure substantially below that of curve C that also results in isentropic flow throughout the nozzle, represented by curve D; after the throat the flow is ...
A flexible intermediate bulk container (FIBC), jumbo bag, bulk bag, dumpy bag, super sack or a big bag is an industrial container made of flexible fabric that is designed for storing and transporting dry, flowable products, such as sand, fertilizer, and granules of plastic. [1] [2] [3]
The container compression test measures the compressive strength of packages such as boxes, drums, and cans. It usually provides a plot of deformation vs compressive force . It is commonly used to evaluate shipping containers made of corrugated fiberboard as well as wooden boxes and crates .
A self-pressurising dewar (silver) being filled with liquid nitrogen from a larger storage tank (white). A cryogenic storage dewar (or simply dewar) is a specialised type of vacuum flask used for storing cryogens (such as liquid nitrogen or liquid helium), whose boiling points are much lower than room temperature.