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  2. Longest recorded sniper kills - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_recorded_sniper_kills

    For example, a rifle capable of firing a ½ or 0.5 MOA (approximately 0.5 inch center to center of the two holes furthest apart) 5-round group (often referred to as "grouping") at 100 yards will theoretically fire a 12.5 inch group at 2,500 yards (0.5 × 2,500/100 = 12.5). Unless the group is centered perfectly on the target at 100 yards, the ...

  3. 5.56×45mm NATO - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5.56×45mm_NATO

    It appears that this round can drastically improve the performance of any AR-15 weapon chambered to .223/5.56 mm. Superior accuracy, wounding capacity, stopping power and range have made this the preferred round of many special forces operators, and highly desirable as a replacement for the older, Belgian-designed 5.56×45mm SS109/M855 NATO round.

  4. Ruger Mini-14 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruger_Mini-14

    They also have a new modified gas system designed to reduce barrel vibration [14] and can shoot two-inch groups at 100 yards, which is 2 minute of angle (MOA) accuracy. [ 16 ] Around 2007 or 2008, Ruger added a heavier, larger-diameter barrel visibly tapered from gas block to muzzle.

  5. XM214 Microgun - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XM214_Microgun

    With a fast-firing gun using standard rifle ammunition, the US Army and US Air Force showed interest for use of the XM214 on aircraft, helicopters, and armored vehicles. The smaller and lighter Microgun could replace the Minigun on heavily armed gunship aircraft and attack helicopters, freeing up space for ammo, equipment, and even more guns.

  6. List of 5.56×45mm NATO firearms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_5.56×45mm_NATO...

    The table below gives a list of firearms that can fire the 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge, first developed and used in the late 1970s for the M16 rifle, which to date, is the most widely produced weapon in this caliber. [1]

  7. Muzzle energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzzle_energy

    For example, in Denmark rifle ammunition used for hunting the largest types of game there such as red deer must have a kinetic energy E 100 (i.e.: at 100 m (110 yd) range) of at least 2,700 J (2,000 ft⋅lbf) and a bullet mass of at least 9 g (140 gr) or alternatively an E 100 of at least 2,000 J (1,500 ft⋅lbf) and a bullet mass of at least ...

  8. Muzzle velocity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzzle_velocity

    For projectiles in unpowered flight, its velocity is highest at leaving the muzzle and drops off steadily because of air resistance.Projectiles traveling less than the speed of sound (about 340 m/s (1,100 ft/s) in dry air at sea level) are subsonic, while those traveling faster are supersonic and thus can travel a substantial distance and even hit a target before a nearby observer hears the ...

  9. Tracer ammunition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracer_ammunition

    Subdued tracers burn at full brightness after a hundred or more yards to avoid giving away the gunner's position. Dim tracers burn very dimly but are clearly visible through night-vision equipment. The M196 tracer cartridge (54- grain bullet) 5.56×45mm NATO was developed for the original M16 rifle and is compatible with the M16A1 barrel also ...