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Zeno's philosophy shows a contrast between what one knows logically and what one observes with the senses with the goal of proving that the world is an illusion; this practice was later adopted by the modern philosophic schools of thought, empiricism and post-structuralism.
Zeno devised these paradoxes to support his teacher Parmenides's philosophy of monism, which posits that despite our sensory experiences, reality is singular and unchanging. The paradoxes famously challenge the notions of plurality (the existence of many things), motion, space, and time by suggesting they lead to logical contradictions .
Zeno was a pupil of Chrysippus, [1] and when Chrysippus died c. 206 BC, he succeeded him to become the fourth scholarch of the Stoic school in Athens. [2]According to Diogenes Laërtius, he wrote very few books, but left a great number of disciples. [1]
Zeno was born in the city of Sidon.He was a contemporary of Cicero, who heard him when at Athens. [3] [4]He was sometimes termed the "leading Epicurean." (Latin: Coryphaeus Epicureorum) [3] Cicero states that Zeno was contemptuous of other philosophers, and even called Socrates "the Attic Buffoon (scurram Atticum)."
The film features József Pelikán as a single father who previously participated in the WW2 communist movement of Hungary, but is now working as a dike-reeve. He meets an old friend from the underground communist movement, Zoltán Dániel, now a government official who fishes at the Danube, near the dike.
Zeno said that there were four stages in the process leading to true knowledge, which he illustrated with the example of the flat, extended hand, and the gradual closing of the fist: Zeno stretched out his fingers, and showed the palm of his hand, – "Perception," – he said, – "is a thing like this."–
Zeno of Elea (c. 490 – c. 430 BCE), philosopher, follower of Parmenides, known for his paradoxes; Zeno of Citium (333 – 264 BCE), founder of the Stoic school of philosophy; Zeno of Tarsus (3rd century BCE), Stoic philosopher; Zeno of Sidon (1st century BCE), Epicurean philosopher; Zeno of Rhodes (not later than 220 BCE), historian and ...
Zeno divided philosophy into three parts: Logic (which was a very wide subject including rhetoric, grammar, and the theories of perception and thought); Physics (including not just science, but the divine nature of the universe as well); and Ethics, the end goal of which was to achieve happiness through the right way of living according to Nature.