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Map of areas of influence in Ireland c. 1450. From the late 12th century, the Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland resulted in Anglo-Norman control of much of Ireland, over which the kings of England then claimed sovereignty. [2] [3] By the late Late Middle Ages, Anglo-Norman control was limited to an area around Dublin known as the Pale. [4]
The Anglo-Norman invasion was a watershed in Ireland's history, marking the beginning of more than 800 years of British rule in Ireland. In May 1169, Anglo-Norman mercenaries landed in Ireland at the request of Diarmait mac Murchada (Dermot MacMurragh), the deposed King of Leinster, who sought their help in regaining his kingship. They achieved ...
There were two main reasons for the chronic violence that dogged the central government in Ireland. The first was some of the aggressive acts of the English administrators and soldiers. In many instances, garrisons or "seneschals" disregarded the law and killed local chiefs and lords, and sometimes seized native-owned land.
The Oxford History of the British Empire: Volume V: Historiography (2001) McBride, Ian, History and Memory in Modern Ireland (2001) McCarthy, Mark, ed. Ireland's Heritages: Critical Perspectives on Memory and Identity (2005) McCarthy, Mark, ed. Ireland's 1916 Rising: Explorations of History-making, Commemoration & Heritage in Modern Times (2012)
Eighteenth-Century Ireland (New Gill History of Ireland 4): The Isle of Slaves - The Protestant Ascendancy in Ireland) (2009) McDowell, R. B. Ireland in the age of imperialism and revolution, 1760–1801 (1979) Murray, Alice Effie (1903). "After Limerick" . Studies in Irish History, 1649-1775. Dublin: Browne and Nolan, Ltd. – via Wikisource.
These settlers, who had a British and Protestant identity, would form the ruling class of future British administrations in Ireland. A series of Penal Laws discriminated against all Christian faiths other than the established (Anglican) Church of Ireland. The principal victims of these laws were Roman Catholics and, from the late 17th century ...
Doing so forced the British government to pay closer attention to the state of Ireland and its people. In 1844, a future British prime minister, Benjamin Disraeli , defined the Irish question: That dense population in extreme distress inhabited an island where there was an established church which was not their church; and a territorial ...
The first and most pressing reason was an alliance signed in 1649 between the Irish Confederate Catholics and Charles II, proclaimed King of Ireland in January 1649. This allowed for Royalist troops to be sent to Ireland and put the Irish Confederate Catholic troops under the command of Royalist officers led by James Butler, Earl of Ormonde .