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Yellow supergiants generally have spectral types of F and G, although sometimes late A or early K stars are included. [1] [2] [3] These spectral types are characterised by hydrogen lines that are very strong in class A, weakening through F and G until they are very weak or absent in class K. Calcium H and K lines are present in late A spectra, but stronger in class F, and strongest in class G ...
While it is frequently described as a yellow supergiant, especially in evolutionary terms, [2] it is classified as a bright giant based on spectrum. [3] Sargas (θ Scorpii A) 329 ± 9 [5] F0Ib-F1III [6] or F0 II [7] 35.5 × 26.3 [5] 3.1 +0.37 −0.32 [5] 1.862 [8] Either a lower luminosity supergiant or a (bright) giant, formed after stellar ...
HR 5171, also known as V766 Centauri, is a yellow hypergiant in the constellation Centaurus. It is said to be either an extreme red supergiant (RSG) or recent post-red supergiant (Post-RSG) yellow hypergiant (YHG), both of which suggest it is one of the largest known stars. The star's diameter is uncertain but likely to be between 1,100 and ...
Intrinsic variable types in the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram showing the Yellow Hypergiants above (i.e. more luminous than) the Cepheid instability strip. A yellow hypergiant (YHG) is a massive star with an extended atmosphere, a spectral class from A to K, and, starting with an initial mass of about 20–60 solar masses, has lost as much as half that mass.
The same region of instability extends to include the even more luminous yellow hypergiants, an extremely rare and short-lived class of luminous supergiant. Many R Coronae Borealis variables, although not all, are yellow supergiants, but this variability is due to their unusual chemical composition rather than a physical instability.
Artist's illustration of Wezen, a yellow supergiant 1,600 light-years away in the Canis Major constellation. Delta Canis Majoris is a supergiant of class F8. Its surface temperature is around 5,818 K, [12] and it is 14 to 15 times more massive than the Sun. Its absolute magnitude is −6.77, [8] and it lies around 1,600 light-years away. It is ...
V1027 Cygni is a luminous yellow supergiant star located in the constellation of Cygnus, about 14,000 light years away. For a time, it was thought that it could be a low-mass post-AGB star, however recent parallax measurements published in Gaia DR3 have shown this to likely not be the case, and instead it is likely a massive yellow supergiant star.
The Keenan criterion is the one most commonly used by scientists today; [1] hence it is possible for a supergiant star to have a higher luminosity than a hypergiant of the same spectral class. Hypergiants are expected to have a characteristic broadening and red-shifting of their spectral lines, producing a distinctive spectral shape known as a ...