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Muhammad[a] (/ moʊˈhɑːməd /; Arabic: مُحَمَّد, romanized: Muḥammad, lit. 'praiseworthy'; [mʊˈħæm.mæd]; c. 570 – 8 June 632 CE) [b] was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. [c] According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet who was divinely inspired to preach and confirm the ...
The historicity of Muhammad refers to the study of Muhammad as a historical figure and critical examination of sources upon which traditional accounts (the Quran, sīrah, hadith especially) are based. The majority of classical scholars believe Muhammad existed as a historical figure. [1] The earliest Muslim source of information for the life of ...
Muhammad. The issue of succession following the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad is the central issue in the schisms that divided the early Muslim community in the first century of Islamic history into numerous schools and branches. The two most prominent branches that emerged from these divisions are Sunni and Shia branches of Islam.
The first Islamic State, also known as State of Medina, [2] was the first Islamic state established by Islamic prophet Muhammad in Medina in 622 under the Constitution of Medina. It represented the political unity of the Muslim Ummah (nation). After Muhammad's death, his companions known as the Rightly Guided Caliphs (Rashidun) founded the ...
Muhammad. In Islam, Muḥammad (Arabic: مُحَمَّد) is venerated as the Seal of the Prophets and earthly manifestation of primordial divine light (Nūr), who transmitted the eternal word of God (Qur'ān) from the angel Gabriel (Jabrāʾīl) to humans and jinn. [2] Muslims believe that the Quran, the central religious text of Islam, was ...
Islamic view of death. Death in Islam is the termination of worldly life and the beginning of afterlife. Death is seen as the separation of the soul from the human body, and its transfer from this world to the afterlife. [1][2] Islamic tradition discusses what happens before, during, and after death, although what exactly happens is not clear ...
Muhammad's ascent into the Heavens, a journey known as the Mi'raj, as depicted in a copy of the Bostan of Saadi, 1514. An image from the Houghton Shahnameh (Metropolitan Museum of Art), dated 1530 - 1535. A miraj image, reflecting the new, Safavid convention of depicting Muhammad veiled, dated 1539 - 1543.
The earliest documented Christian knowledge of Muhammad stems from Byzantine sources, written shortly after Muhammad's death in 632. In the Doctrina Jacobi nuper baptizati, a dialogue between a recent Christian convert and several Jews, one participant writes that his brother "wrote to [him] saying that a deceiving prophet has appeared amidst the Saracens". [17]