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Structure of the atmosphere. The main divisions of the atmosphere are defined by the elevations at which the sign of the temperature gradient changes. The chemical formulas at the right show the major species of interest in the various regions.
The three major constituents of Earth's atmosphere are nitrogen, oxygen, and argon. Water vapor accounts for roughly 0.25% of the atmosphere by mass.
An atmosphere is a blanket of gases that surrounds Earth. It is held near the surface of the planet by Earth’s gravitational attraction. Argon, oxygen and nitrogen from the three main constituents of the atmosphere.
Chapter 1: Composition and Structure of the Atmosphere. Composition Evolution Vertical Structure. Thickness of the Atmosphere. (from Meteorology Today) Most of the atmospheric mass is confined in the lowest 100 90% km above the sea level. 70% The thickness of the atmosphere is only about 2% of Earth’s thickness (Earth’s radius = ~6500km).
Five distinct layers have been identified using thermal characteristics (temperature changes), chemical composition, movement, and density. Each of the layers are bounded by "pauses" where the greatest changes in thermal characteristics, chemical composition, move.
Particles of dust, soil, fecal matter, metals, salt, smoke, ash, and other solids make up a small percentage of the atmosphere. Particles provide starting points (or nuclei) for water vapor to condense on and form raindrops. Figure 16.1.4 16.1. 4: Pie chart of the composition of the atmosphere.
The heights, pressures, and temperatures in the diagram are based on the U.S. Standard. Atmosphere, which represents average conditions above the middle latitudes. One might expect temperature to decrease steadily with height as the pressure. decreases, since air cools as it expands into lower pressure regions, but this is not. everywhere the case.
Earth's Atmospheric Composition Diagram. This diagram shows the relative abundances of the main gases in Earth's atmosphere. Nitrogen makes up 78%, oxygen about 21% and argon almost 1%.
Atmospheric Composition and Origin At Earth’s surface, the atmosphere consists of 78% nitrogen (N 2 ), 21% oxygen (O 2 ), and 1% argon (Ar), with traces of water vapor (H 2 O), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and other gases.
Key points. The atmosphere is a mixture of gases. The atmosphere is mostly nitrogen (approximately 80%) and oxygen (approximately 20%). The remaining gases are found in much smaller...