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Mongolian spot is a congenital developmental condition—that is, one existing from birth—exclusively involving the skin.The blue colour is caused by melanocytes, melanin-containing cells, that are usually located in the surface of the skin (the epidermis), but are in the deeper region (the dermis) in the location of the spot. [6]
Livedo reticularis is a common skin finding consisting of a mottled reticulated vascular pattern that appears as a lace-like purplish discoloration of the skin. [1] The discoloration is caused by reduction in blood flow through the arterioles that supply the cutaneous capillaries, resulting in deoxygenated blood showing as blue discoloration ().
The area of skin affected grows in proportion to general growth. Port-wine stains occur most often on the face but can appear anywhere on the body, particularly on the neck, upper trunk, arms and legs. [2] [4] Early stains are usually flat and pink in appearance. As the child matures, the color may deepen to a dark red or purplish color. [2]
Purpura (/ ˈ p ɜːr p jʊər ə / [1]) is a condition of red or purple discolored spots on the skin that do not blanch on applying pressure. The spots are caused by bleeding underneath the skin secondary to platelet disorders, vascular disorders, coagulation disorders, or other causes. [2]
Bruise colors vary from red, blue, or almost black, depending on the severity of broken capillaries or blood vessels within the bruise site. Broken venules or arterioles often result in a deep blue or dark red bruise, respectively. Darker colored bruises may result from a more severe bleeding from both blood vessels.
Long-term steroid use, on the other hand, causes thinning of the skin, making it more susceptible to bruising. That same logic applies to older folks’ tendency to bruise like a peach.
A hickey, hickie or sometimes referred to as a love bite in British English, is a bruise or bruise-like mark caused by kissing or sucking skin, usually on the neck, arm, or earlobe. While biting may be part of giving a hickey, sucking is sufficient to burst small superficial blood vessels under the skin.
Skin inflammation: Inflammation from injuries or inflammatory skin conditions, such as acne and eczema, can cause post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), where dark spots develop as the skin heals.