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Hemodynamics explains the physical laws that govern the flow of blood in the blood vessels. Blood flow ensures the transportation of nutrients, hormones, metabolic waste products, oxygen, and carbon dioxide throughout the body to maintain cell-level metabolism, the regulation of the pH, osmotic pressure and temperature of the whole body, and ...
Angioscopy is also used as an adjunctive procedure during vascular bypass to visualize valves within venous conduits. The instrument used to perform angioscopy is called an angioscope. Scanning Fiber Endoscope (SFE) is an emerging technology which provides much higher resolution imaging, whilst maintaining a small form factor and flexibility.
This study suggests that, the impairment in responsiveness to nitric oxide that occurs in some patients with end-stage renal disease may result in hyperplasia (excessive growth) of the innermost layer of the blood vessels or reduced ability of the vessels to dilate. Either abnormality can limit the maturation and viability of the arteriovenous ...
Angiography is also commonly performed to identify vessels narrowing in patients with leg claudication or cramps, caused by reduced blood flow down the legs and to the feet; in patients with renal stenosis (which commonly causes high blood pressure) and can be used in the head to find and repair stroke. These are all done routinely through the ...
The procedure was developed to treat transposition of the great vessels, eponymously known as blue baby syndrome. This is a condition in which the aorta and pulmonary artery are attached to the heart in an opposite order from what is usually present at birth, resulting in the aorta being the outflow tract for the right ventricle and the ...
Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is a fluoroscopy technique used in interventional radiology to clearly visualize blood vessels in a bony or dense soft tissue environment. Images are produced using contrast medium by subtracting a "pre-contrast image" or mask from subsequent images, once the contrast medium has been introduced into a ...
The Pringle manoeuvre is used during liver surgery and in some cases of severe liver trauma to minimize blood loss. [1] For short durations of use, it is very effective at reducing intraoperative blood loss. [2] The Pringle manoeuvre is applied during closure of a vena cava injury when an atriocaval shunt is placed. [citation needed]
A conventional pulse oximeter monitors the perfusion of blood to the dermis and subcutaneous tissue of the skin. Finger pulse oximeter. With each cardiac cycle the heart pumps blood to the periphery. Even though this pressure pulse is somewhat damped by the time it reaches the skin, it is enough to distend the arteries and arterioles in the ...