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Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia (CDA) is a rare blood disorder, similar to the thalassemias. CDA is one of many types of anemia , characterized by ineffective erythropoiesis , and resulting from a decrease in the number of red blood cells (RBCs) in the body and a less than normal quantity of hemoglobin in the blood. [ 2 ]
Pediatrics. Small for gestational age (SGA) newborns are those who are smaller in size than normal for the gestational age. SGA is most commonly defined as a weight below the 10th percentile for the gestational age. [1] SGA predicts susceptibility to hypoglycemia, hypothermia, and polycythemia. [2] By definition, at least 10% of all newborns ...
Congenital hemolytic anemia (CHA) is a diverse group of rare hereditary conditions marked by decreased life expectancy and premature removal of erythrocytes from blood flow. Defects in erythrocyte membrane proteins and red cell enzyme metabolism , as well as changes at the level of erythrocyte precursors, lead to impaired bone marrow ...
Anemia of prematurity. Anemia of prematurity. Specialty. Pediatrics. Anemia of prematurity (AOP) refers to a form of anemia affecting preterm infants [1] with decreased hematocrit. [2] AOP is a normochromic, normocytic hypoproliferative anemia. The primary mechanism of AOP is a decrease in erythropoietin (EPO), a red blood cell growth factor.
Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDN) is a condition where the passage of maternal antibodies results in the hemolysis of fetal/neonatal red cells. The antibodies can be naturally occurring such as anti-A, and anti-B, or immune antibodies developed following a sensitizing event. [11] Isoimmunization occurs when the maternal immune ...
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), or fetal growth restriction, is the poor growth of a fetus while in the womb during pregnancy. IUGR is defined by clinical features of malnutrition and evidence of reduced growth regardless of an infant's birth weight percentile. [5] The causes of IUGR are broad and may involve maternal, fetal, or ...
Less than 100 cases have been reported. [3] Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (CAMT) is a rare autosomal recessive bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by severe thrombocytopenia, which can progress to aplastic anemia and leukemia. [4] CAMT usually manifests as thrombocytopenia in the initial month of life or in the fetal phase.
The incidence of Diamond-Blackfan anemia is 7 cases per million live births. [9] About 40–45% of Diamond-Blackfan anemia cases are familial and have autosomal dominant inheritance; the remaining cases are either sporadic or familial and appear to have distinct inheritance patterns. [10] RPS19 currently has the most prevalent mutation.