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If the nerve cells affected lie within the facial nerves, it causes the symptoms described above. [3] Ramsay Hunt syndrome type 2 is estimated to account for 12% of all facial nerve paralysis. [4] It occurs in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals with immunocompromised patients often having more severe disease presentation.
Shingles, also known as herpes zoster or zona, [6] is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters in a localized area. [2] [7] Typically the rash occurs in a single, wide mark either on the left or right side of the body or face. [1]
Trigeminal shingles with uveitis and keratitis. Viral prodrome; Preherpetic neuralgia; Rash, transitioning from papules to vesicles to pustules to scabs.; Hutchinson's sign: cutaneous involvement of the tip of the nose, indicating nasociliary nerve involvement.
Hutchinson's sign is a clinical sign which may refer to: . Hutchinson's pupil, an unresponsive and enlarged pupil on the side of an intracranial mass; Vesicles on the tip of the nose, or vesicles on the side of the nose, precedes the development of ophthalmic herpes zoster. [1]
Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is neuropathic pain that occurs due to damage to a peripheral nerve caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus (herpes zoster, also known as shingles). PHN is defined as pain in a dermatomal distribution that lasts for at least 90 days after an outbreak of herpes zoster. [ 1 ]
[2] [3] A triad of ipsilateral facial paralysis, ear pain, and vesicles on the face, on the ear, or in the ear is the typical presentation. Ramsay Hunt syndrome type 3 is a less commonly referenced condition, an occupationally induced neuropathy of the deep palmar branch of the ulnar nerve. It is also called Hunt's disease or artisan's palsy. [4]
Shingles, or herpes zoster, is a painful skin rash with blisters that, characteristically, occurs in a stripe limited to just one side of the body. The rash usually heals within 2–5 weeks, but around one in five people experience residual nerve pain for months or years. Shingles is caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV), an alpha-herpesvirus.
Thus the facial artery can be used as an important landmark in locating the marginal mandibular nerve during surgical procedures. [2] Damage can cause paralysis of the three muscles it supplies, which can cause an asymmetrical smile due to lack of contraction of the depressor labii inferioris muscle . [ 3 ]