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  2. Electrosurgery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrosurgery

    Electrosurgery is the application of a high-frequency (radio frequency) alternating polarity, electrical current to biological tissue as a means to cut, coagulate, desiccate, or fulgurate tissue.

  3. Diathermy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diathermy

    Electrosurgery and surgical diathermy involve the use of high-frequency A.C. electric current in surgery as either a cutting modality, or else to cauterize small blood vessels to stop bleeding. This technique induces localized tissue burning and damage, the zone of which is controlled by the frequency and power of the device.

  4. Harmonic scalpel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonic_scalpel

    A harmonic scalpel cuts via vibration. The scalpel surface itself cuts through tissue by vibrating in the range of 55,500 Hz. The high frequency vibration of tissue molecules generates stress and friction in tissue, which generates heat and causes protein denaturation.

  5. Harmonic oscillator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonic_oscillator

    Overdamped (ζ > 1): The system returns (exponentially decays) to steady state without oscillating. Larger values of the damping ratio ζ return to equilibrium more slowly. Critically damped (ζ = 1): The system returns to steady state as quickly as possible without oscillating (although overshoot can occur if the initial velocity is nonzero ...

  6. Hyfrecator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyfrecator

    The hyfrecator does not require a dispersive return pad, referred-to in the electrosurgery field as a "ground pad," or "patient plate," because the hyfrecator can pass a very low-powered current between forceps tips via bipolar output, or pass an A.C. current between one pointed metal electrode probe and the patient, with the patient's self ...

  7. Madison Symmetric Torus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_Symmetric_Torus

    The system measures electron density, toroidal current, poloidal magnetic field, and the spatial profiles of each. Currently, we are exploring the possibility of measuring toroidal magnetic field and poloidal plasma current by using the plasma bi-refringence effect, or the Cotton-Mouton effect.

  8. Duty cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duty_cycle

    A duty cycle or power cycle is the fraction of one period in which a signal or system is active. [1] [2] [3] Duty cycle is commonly expressed as a percentage or a ratio. A period is the time it takes for a signal to complete an on-and-off cycle. As a formula, a duty cycle (%) may be expressed as:

  9. William T. Bovie - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_T._Bovie

    William T. Bovie (September 11, 1882 – January 1, 1958) was an American scientist and inventor. He is credited with conceptualizing the field of biophysics and with inventing a modern medical device known as the Bovie electrosurgical generator.