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There are many conditions comorbid to autism, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety disorders, and epilepsy. In medicine, comorbidity is the presence of one or more additional conditions co-occurring with the primary one, or the effect of such additional disorders. Distinguishing between ASD and other diagnoses can be ...
As many as 75% of diagnosed children with ADHD meet criteria for some other psychiatric diagnosis. [39] Among children diagnosed with ADHD, about 25% to 30% have anxiety disorders, 9% to 32% have depression, 45% to 84% have oppositional defiant disorder, and 44% to 55% of adolescents have conduct disorder. [41]
ADHD has a prevalence rate of around 5-12% in children residing in Spain. The rate for adults in Spain is an estimated 0.5-5%. The reason for this low estimated prevalence rate of ADHD in adults could be due to underreported numbers within the older age range. [28] Rates in Spain are estimated at 6.8% among people under 18. [29]
Furthermore, the presence of autism can make it harder to diagnose coexisting psychiatric disorders such as depression. [9] Diagnosing will be much harder in adults, since most people with ASD who reach adulthood undiagnosed, learn diverse (and often intense) masking techniques which make external diagnosis almost impossible.
The scientific study of the causes of developmental disorders involves many theories. Some of the major differences between these theories involves whether environment disrupts normal development, if abnormalities are pre-determined, or if they are products of human evolutionary history which become disorders in modern environments (see evolutionary psychiatry). [5]
Boys diagnosed with the combined ADHD subtype are more likely to have a mood disorder. [85] Adults and children with ADHD sometimes also have bipolar disorder, which requires careful assessment to accurately diagnose and treat both conditions. [86] [87] Sleep disorders and ADHD commonly co-exist. They can also occur as a side effect of ...
Whether autism has mainly a genetic or developmental cause, and the degree of coincidence between autism and intellectual disability, are all matters of current scientific controversy as well as inquiry. There is also more sociopolitical debate as to whether autism should be considered a disability on its own. [1]
The concept of DAMP (deficits in attention, motor control, and perception) has been in clinical use in Scandinavia for about 20 years. DAMP is diagnosed on the basis of concomitant attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and developmental coordination disorder in children who do not have a severe learning disability or cerebral palsy.