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Phytosteroids, also known as plant steroids, are naturally occurring steroids that are found in plants. [1] Examples include digoxin , digitoxin , diosgenin , and guggulsterone , as well as phytosterols like β-sitosterol and other phytoestrogens like isoflavones .
Progestogens are the precursors of all other human steroids, and all human tissues which produce steroids must first convert cholesterol to pregnenolone. This conversion is the rate-limiting step of steroid synthesis, which occurs inside the mitochondrion of the respective tissue. It is catalyzed by the mitochondrial P450scc system. [75] [76]
They occur naturally in most eukaryotes, including plants, animals, and fungi, and can also be produced by some bacteria (however likely with different functions). [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The most familiar type of animal sterol is cholesterol , which is vital to the structure of the cell membrane , and functions as a precursor to fat-soluble vitamins and ...
Phytochemicals are chemical compounds produced by plants, generally to help them resist fungi, bacteria and plant virus infections, and also consumption by insects and other animals. The name comes from Greek φυτόν (phyton) 'plant'. Some phytochemicals have been used as poisons and others as traditional medicine.
For plant stanol esters: (i) Foods containing at least 1.7 g per serving of plant stanol esters, eaten twice a day with meals for a total daily intake of at least 3.4 g, as part of a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol, may reduce the risk of heart disease. A serving of [name of the food] supplies ___grams of plant stanol esters. [17]
Plants synthesize certain compounds called secondary metabolites which are not naturally produced by humans but can play vital roles in protection or destruction of human health. One such group of metabolites is phytoestrogens, found in nuts, oilseeds, soy, and other foods. [17] Phytoestrogens are chemicals which act like the hormone estrogen.
List of steroidogenesis inhibitors – steroidogenesis inhibitors, or inhibitors of steroid biosynthesis and metabolism; As well as lists of steroid esters, including: List of androgen esters – androgen esters; List of estrogen esters – estrogen esters; List of progestogen esters – progestogen esters; List of corticosteroid esters ...
A variety of synthetic steroids and sterols have also been contrived. Most are steroids, but some nonsteroidal molecules can interact with the steroid receptors because of a similarity of shape. Some synthetic steroids are weaker or stronger than the natural steroids whose receptors they activate. [8] Some examples of synthetic steroid hormones: