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Salinity is an ecological factor of considerable importance, influencing the types of organisms that live in a body of water. As well, salinity influences the kinds of plants that will grow either in a water body, or on land fed by a water (or by a groundwater). [19] A plant adapted to saline conditions is called a halophyte.
The benthic zone consists of substrates below water where many invertebrates live. The intertidal zone is the area between high and low tides. Other near-shore (neritic) zones can include mudflats, seagrass meadows, mangroves, rocky intertidal systems, salt marshes, coral reefs, lagoons.
This system was created by Lewis Cowardin and others from the United States Fish and Wildlife Service in 1987. [1] The other systems are: Marine wetlands, exposed to the open ocean; Estuarine wetlands, partially enclosed by land and containing a mix of fresh and salt water; Riverine wetlands, associated with flowing water
The benthic zone consists of substrates below water where many invertebrates live. The intertidal zone is the area between high and low tides. Other near-shore (neritic) zones can include mudflats, seagrass meadows, mangroves, rocky intertidal systems, salt marshes, coral reefs, lagoons.
The system includes five main types of wetlands: Marine wetlands- which are areas exposed to the open ocean; Estuarine wetlands- partially enclosed by land and also exposed to a mixture of fresh and salt water bodies of water; Riverine wetlands- associated with flowing water; Lacustrine wetlands- associated with a lake or other body of fresh water
These are further subdivided by the type of water: fresh / saline / brackish / alkaline; and may be further classified by the substrate type of other characteristics. National systems of classification
Most fresh water – about 69% – is present as ice in ice caps and glaciers. [20] The average salinity of Earth's oceans is about 35 grams (1.2 oz) of salt per kilogram of seawater (3.5% salt). [21] Most of the salt in the ocean comes from the weathering and erosion of rocks on land. [22]
This is a list of bodies of water by salinity that is limited to natural bodies of water that have a stable salinity above 0.05%, at or below which water is considered fresh. Water salinity often varies by location and season, particularly with hypersaline lakes in arid areas, so the salinity figures in the table below should be interpreted as ...