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For example, the chemical formula for glucose is C 6 H 12 O 6 (meaning that it is a molecule with 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms and 6 oxygen atoms). The chemical formula of the water molecule, H 2 O, indicates that it contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. A subscript is also used to distinguish between different versions of a ...
Subscripts and superscripts should be wrapped in <sub> and <sup> HTML tags, respectively, with no other formatting info, with some exceptions (see below). The {} and {} templates are useful shortcuts to the HTML markup. Do not use the Unicode subscripts and superscripts ² and ³, or XML/HTML character entity references (² etc.).
Thus "H₂O" (using a subscript 2 character) is supposed to be identical to "H 2 O" (with subscript markup). In reality, many fonts that include these characters ignore the Unicode definition, and instead design the digits for mathematical numerator and denominator glyphs, [3] [4] which are aligned with the cap line and the baseline, respectively.
HTML and XML provide ways to reference Unicode characters when the characters themselves either cannot or should not be used. A numeric character reference refers to a character by its Universal Character Set/Unicode code point, and a character entity reference refers to a character by a predefined name.
Superscripts and Subscripts is a Unicode block containing superscript and subscript numerals, mathematical operators, and letters used in mathematics and phonetics. The use of subscripts and superscripts in Unicode allows any polynomial, chemical and certain other equations to be represented in plain text without using any form of markup like HTML or TeX.
In SGML, HTML and XML documents, the logical constructs known as character data and attribute values consist of sequences of characters, in which each character can manifest directly (representing itself), or can be represented by a series of characters called a character reference, of which there are two types: a numeric character reference and a character entity reference.
By default, a space of approximately 1/6 em is added after the symbol to prevent the oblique symbol from overlapping the upright superscript or subscript. To suppress this spacing, give the optional s=0 parameter (any value other than zero is ignored); the s parameter is ignored if the first argument (for the base symbol) is blank.
Converting raw HTML to {} is rather simple: when ... or small capitals, as well as superscripts and subscript letters. For example, \text ...