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Human infectious diseases may be characterized by their case fatality rate (CFR), the proportion of people diagnosed with a disease who die from it (cf. mortality rate).It should not be confused with the infection fatality rate (IFR), the estimated proportion of people infected by a disease-causing agent, including asymptomatic and undiagnosed infections, who die from the disease.
DIC may cause a range of symptoms, including abnormal bleeding, breathlessness, chest pain, neurological symptoms, low blood pressure, or swelling. [28] COVID‑19 vaccines have some adverse effects that are listed as common in the two or three days following vaccination which are usually mild and temporary. [21]
Blood vessel dysfunction and clot formation (as suggested by high D-dimer levels caused by blood clots) may have a significant role in mortality, incidents of clots leading to pulmonary embolisms, and ischaemic events (strokes) within the brain found as complications leading to death in people infected with COVID‑19. [151]
For even more international statistics in table, graph, and map form see COVID-19 pandemic by country. COVID-19 pandemic is the worst-ever worldwide calamity experienced on a large scale (with an estimated 7 million deaths) in the 21st century. The COVID-19 death toll is the highest seen on a global scale since the Spanish flu and World War II.
For the Netherlands, based on overall excess mortality, an estimated 20,000 people died from COVID-19 in 2020, [10] while only the death of 11,525 identified COVID-19 cases was registered. [9] The official count of COVID-19 deaths as of December 2021 is slightly more than 5.4 million, according to World Health Organization's report in May 2022.
There is ongoing research about the short- and long-term damage COVID-19 may possibly cause to the brain. [36] including in cases of 'long COVID'. For instance, a study showed how COVID-19 may cause microvascular brain pathology and endothelial cell-death, disrupting the blood–brain barrier.
A COVID‑19 vaccine is a vaccine intended to provide acquired immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 , the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 . The COVID‑19 vaccines are widely credited for their role in reducing the spread of COVID‑19 and reducing the severity and death caused by COVID‑19.
A pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a blood clot from a deep vein (a DVT) detaches from a vein , travels through the right side of the heart, and becomes lodged as an embolus in a pulmonary artery that supplies deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation. [28] Up to one-fourth of PE cases are thought to result in sudden death. [12]