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The family Argulidae, whose members are commonly known as carp lice or fish lice, are parasitic crustaceans in the class Ichthyostraca. It is the only family in the monotypic subclass Branchiura and the order Arguloida , although a second family, Dipteropeltidae, has been proposed.
Larvae and pupae are important food items for fish, such as trout, banded killifish, and sticklebacks, and for many other aquatic organisms as well such as newts. Many aquatic insects, such as various predatory hemipterans in the families Nepidae , Notonectidae , and Corixidae eat Chironomidae in their aquatic phases.
The larvae are similar in overall form to the related gargoyle cusk, but have elongated 3rd, 4th, and 5th pectoral-fin rays. [8] The bony-eared assfish is by some sources believed to have the smallest brain-to-body weight ratio of any vertebrate. [9] [dubious – discuss]
The fish's suckermouth, with its fleshy lips, is located in an inferior position at the bottom of its head, as the fish obtains its food from bottom surfaces. [5] The white sucker is often mistaken for different species of suckers and redhorses, but can be distinguished by the complete lateral line system containing 55–85 small scales. [6]
Torquigener albomaculosus, or the white-spotted pufferfish, is the 20th discovered [1] species of the genus Torquigener. The species was discovered in the ocean waters around the Ryukyu Islands in Japan off the south coast of Amami Ōshima Island. [1] Observed depths of the species range between 10 and 27 m (33 and 89 ft). [1]
Cichlasoma bimaculatum is a generalist omnivore with scavenger like qualities, consuming small crustaceans and insect larvae in addition to small fishes. The black acara provide more competition for the native sunfish within spawning areas and have the ability to impact both invertebrate and plant communities through predation. [3]
Photoblepharon palpebratum (Syn. P. palpebratus), the eyelight fish or one-fin flashlightfish, is a species of saltwater anomalopid fish of the order Beryciformes.It is native to the western and central Pacific Ocean where it is found along seaward reefs close to the ocean floor, usually near rocks and corals it can use as cover.
A black vertical bar on the head runs through the true eye, making it hard to see. [2] This pattern may result in a predator confusing the back end of the fish for the front end. The foureye butterflyfish's first instinct when threatened is to flee, putting the false eye spot closer to the predator than the head.