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Lao Ai (Chinese: 嫪毐; pinyin: Lào Ǎi; died 238 BCE) was an imposter eunuch and official of the State of Qin during the late Warring States period. [1] [2] Allegedly falsifying his castration in order to gain entry into the court of Qin, he became the favorite of Queen Dowager Zhao, the mother of Qin Shi Huang, later the First Emperor of China.
Zhao Gao (died c. October 207 BC [1]) was a Chinese politician. [2] He was an official of the Qin dynasty of China. Allegedly a eunuch, he served as a close aide to all three rulers of the Qin dynasty – Qin Shi Huang, Qin Er Shi and Ziying – and was regarded as having played an instrumental role in the downfall of the dynasty.
Qin Shi Huang (Chinese: 秦始皇, pronunciation ⓘ; February 259 [e] – 12 July 210 BC) was the founder of the Qin dynasty and the first emperor of China. [9] Rather than maintain the title of "king" (wáng 王) borne by the previous Shang and Zhou rulers, he assumed the invented title of "emperor" (huángdì 皇帝), which would see continuous use by monarchs in China for the next two ...
Huang Hao: eunuch in the state of Shu; also appears in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Cen Hun: eunuch in the state of Wu during the Three Kingdoms Period. Gao Lishi: a loyal and trusted friend of Tang emperor Xuanzong. Li Fuguo: Tang eunuch who began another era of eunuch rule. Yu Chao'en: Tang eunuch who began his career as army supervisor.
Qin Shi Huang was the first Chinese sovereign to proclaim himself "Emperor", after unifying China in 221 BC. That year is therefore generally taken by historians to be the start of the "Qin dynasty" which lasted for 14 years until 207, when it was cut short by civil wars.
Qin Shi Huang's son and successor Qin Er Shi has been judged by history to be an ineffectual ruler, leading to a great weakening of Qin's power. After a complicated and bloody series of power struggles, Qin Er Shi was forced to commit suicide by his formerly trusted eunuch Zhao Gao , and thereafter the Qin dynasty collapsed.
The deeds of Lord Changping was mainly recorded in Vol. 6: Annals of Qin Shi Huang of the Records of the Grand Historian. In 238 BC, in the State of Qin, a pseudo-eunuch Lao Ai entered into a relationship with Queen Dowager Zhao and plotted against King Zheng of Qin (who would later ascend to Shi Huang, the First Emperor):
When Qin Shi Huang died while away from the capital, Li Si and the chief eunuch Zhao Gao suppressed the late emperor's choice of successor, which was Fusu. At that time, as Fusu was close friends with Meng Tian , there was a high chance that Li Si would be replaced by Meng Tian as chancellor should Fusu become emperor.