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Before fermentation, pectin-splitting enzymes and, for white wine, fining agents such as bentonite may be added to the must in order to promote the eventual agglomeration and settling of colloids. [1] Pectins are structural molecules in the cell walls of fruits which have the important function of 'gumming' plant cells together.
Oil–water separator; Organisms used in water purification; Parallel plate oil–water separator; Photobioreactor; Reed bed; Regenerative thermal oxidizer; Retention basin; Reverse osmosis; Rotating biological contactor; Sand filter; Screen filter; Sedimentation (water treatment) Septic tank; Septic tank conversion [2] Sequencing batch reactor ...
Activated sludge tank at Beckton sewage treatment plant, UK.The white bubbles are due to the diffused air aeration system. The activated sludge process is a type of biological wastewater treatment process for treating sewage or industrial wastewaters using aeration and a biological floc composed of bacteria and protozoa.
Secondary fermentation is a process commonly associated with winemaking, [1] which entails a second period of fermentation in a different vessel than the one used to start the fermentation process. An example of this would be starting fermentation in a carboy or stainless steel tank and then moving it over to oak barrels. Rather than being a ...
Agricultural wastewater treatment is a farm management agenda for controlling pollution from confined animal operations and from surface runoff that may be contaminated by chemicals in fertilizer, pesticides, animal slurry, crop residues or irrigation water. Agricultural wastewater treatment is required for continuous confined animal operations ...
Water removal is the primary means of weight and volume reduction, while pathogen destruction is frequently accomplished through heating during thermophilic digestion, composting, or incineration. The choice of a sludge treatment method depends on the volume of sludge generated, and comparison of treatment costs required for available disposal ...
Sewage treatment (or domestic wastewater treatment, municipal wastewater treatment) is a type of wastewater treatment which aims to remove contaminants from sewage to produce an effluent that is suitable to discharge to the surrounding environment or an intended reuse application, thereby preventing water pollution from raw sewage discharges. [2]
The duration of fermentation affects the quality; longer fermentation preserves the wine's aromas better and gives finer and more durable bubbles. [ 18 ] This production method is widely used in the U.S., in Italy, especially in the Asti province , and in Prosecco wines, and in Germany to produce variants of Sekt such as Henkell Trocken.