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  2. Sample size determination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample_size_determination

    Sample size determination is a crucial aspect of research methodology that plays a significant role in ensuring the reliability and validity of study findings. In order to influence the accuracy of estimates, the power of statistical tests, and the general robustness of the research findings, it entails carefully choosing the number of ...

  3. Comparative historical research - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Comparative_historical_research

    Comparative historical research is a method of social science that examines historical events in order to create explanations that are valid beyond a particular time and place, either by direct comparison to other historical events, theory building, or reference to the present day.

  4. Critical juncture theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_juncture_theory

    On the one hand, James Mahoney argues that "path dependence characterizes specifically those historical sequences in which contingent events set into motion institutional patterns or event chains that have deterministic properties" and that there are two types of path dependence: "self-reinforcing sequences" and "reactive sequences."

  5. Shrinkage (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrinkage_(statistics)

    An example arises in the estimation of the population variance by sample variance. For a sample size of n , the use of a divisor n −1 in the usual formula ( Bessel's correction ) gives an unbiased estimator, while other divisors have lower MSE, at the expense of bias.

  6. Probability-proportional-to-size sampling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability-proportional...

    [4]: 250 So, for example, if we have 3 clusters with 10, 20 and 30 units each, then the chance of selecting the first cluster will be 1/6, the second would be 1/3, and the third cluster will be 1/2. The pps sampling results in a fixed sample size n (as opposed to Poisson sampling which is similar but results in a random sample size with ...

  7. Theoretical sampling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theoretical_sampling

    So in this type of sampling, we select samples that have a particular process, examples, categories and even types that are relevant to the ideal or wider universe. One of the most commonly given example is of discourse analysis of gender. The sample relevant units in qualitative research are very often viewed as theoretically defined.

  8. South Carolina executes Richard Moore for 1999 killing ...

    www.aol.com/news/south-carolina-executes-richard...

    Three jurors, Moore’s trial judge, and a former state prison director called for the 59-year-old to get clemency

  9. Design effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_effect

    If the sample size is 1,000, then the effective sample size will be 500. It means that the variance of the weighted mean based on 1,000 samples will be the same as that of a simple mean based on 500 samples obtained using a simple random sample.