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Reverse-search algorithms are a class of algorithms for generating all objects of a given size, from certain classes of combinatorial objects. In many cases, these methods allow the objects to be generated in polynomial time per object, using only enough memory to store a constant number of objects ( polynomial space ).
Sigmoid functions most often show a return value (y axis) in the range 0 to 1. Another commonly used range is from −1 to 1. A wide variety of sigmoid functions including the logistic and hyperbolic tangent functions have been used as the activation function of artificial neurons.
Range minimum query reduced to the lowest common ancestor problem.. Given an array A[1 … n] of n objects taken from a totally ordered set, such as integers, the range minimum query RMQ A (l,r) =arg min A[k] (with 1 ≤ l ≤ k ≤ r ≤ n) returns the position of the minimal element in the specified sub-array A[l …
Hybrid Reverse Monte Carlo (HRMC) [19] [20] is a code capable of fitting both the pair correlation function and structure factor along with bond angle and coordination distributions. Unique to this code is the implementation of a number of empirical interatomic potentials for carbon (EDIP), silicon (EDIP [ 21 ] and Stillinger-Weber [ 22 ] ) and ...
Sine and cosecant begin their period at (where is an integer), finish it at +, and then reverse themselves over + to +. Cosine and secant begin their period at 2 π k , {\displaystyle 2\pi k,} finish it at 2 π k + π . {\displaystyle 2\pi k+\pi .} and then reverse themselves over 2 π k + π {\displaystyle 2\pi k+\pi } to 2 π k + 2 π ...
Another meaning of range in computer science is an alternative to iterator. When used in this sense, range is defined as "a pair of begin/end iterators packed together". [1] It is argued [1] that "Ranges are a superior abstraction" (compared to iterators) for several reasons, including better safety.
The notion can be generalized to subsets of the range. Specifically, if S is any subset of Y, the preimage of S, denoted by (), is the set of all elements of X that map to S: = {: ()}. For example, take the function f: R → R; x ↦ x 2. This function is not invertible as it is not bijective, but preimages may be defined for subsets of the ...
In computer programming, bounds checking is any method of detecting whether a variable is within some bounds before it is used. It is usually used to ensure that a number fits into a given type (range checking), or that a variable being used as an array index is within the bounds of the array (index checking).