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Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in a newborn baby. [1] Most have no symptoms. [1] Some affected babies are small. [1] Other signs and symptoms include a rash, jaundice, hepatomegaly, retinitis, and seizures. [1] [2] It may lead to loss of hearing or vision, developmental disability, or a small head. [1]
Maribavir, sold under the brand name Livtencity, is an antiviral medication that is used to treat post-transplant cytomegalovirus (CMV). [8] [9] Maribavir is a cytomegalovirus pUL97 kinase inhibitor that works by preventing the activity of human cytomegalovirus enzyme pUL97, thus blocking virus replication.
CMV infection or reactivation in people whose immune systems are compromised—for example people who have received transplants or are significantly burned—causes illness and increases the risk of death. [36] [37] CMV reactivation is commonly seen in people with severe colitis. [38] Specific disease entities recognized in those people are
Diseases associated with HHV-5 include mononucleosis and pneumonia, [4] [5] and congenital CMV in infants can lead to deafness and ambulatory problems. [6] In the medical literature, most mentions of CMV without further specification refer implicitly to human CMV. Human CMV is the most studied of all cytomegaloviruses. [7]
A phase 2 study of a recombinant gB protein subunit CMV-vaccine "gB/MF59" was published in 2009 and indicated an efficacy of 50% in seronegative women of childbearing-age thus the protection provided was limited and a number of subjects contracted CMV infection despite the vaccination. In one case congenital CMV was encountered.
In industrialized countries, prophylactic antibiotic treatment of the mothers identified with group B streptococcus, early identification of sepsis in the newborn, and administration of antibiotics to the newborn has reduced mortality. [31] Neonatal herpes in North America is estimated to be from 5 – 80 per 100,000 live births.
Letermovir (INN; brand name Prevymis) is an antiviral drug for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections. It has been tested in CMV infected patients with allogeneic stem cell transplants and may also be useful for other patients with a compromised immune system such as those with organ transplants or HIV infections. [3]
Treatment may include supportive care, anti-viral medication, transfusion, or chemotherapy depending on the underlying cause. It is not common. [2] The term was coined in the 1960s to describe the skin changes in babies with congenital rubella. [2] Since then, it has been realised that blueberry muffin marks occur in several conditions. [2]