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  2. Stress–strain curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stressstrain_curve

    The stress and strain can be normal, shear, or a mixture, and can also be uniaxial, biaxial, or multiaxial, and can even change with time. The form of deformation can be compression, stretching, torsion, rotation, and so on. If not mentioned otherwise, stressstrain curve typically refers to the relationship between axial normal stress and ...

  3. Ramberg–Osgood relationship - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramberg–Osgood_relationship

    The Ramberg–Osgood equation was created to describe the nonlinear relationship between stress and strain—that is, the stressstrain curve—in materials near their yield points. It is especially applicable to metals that harden with plastic deformation (see work hardening), showing a smooth elastic-plastic transition.

  4. Work hardening - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Work_hardening

    The strain can be decomposed into a recoverable elastic strain (ε e) and an inelastic strain (ε p). The stress at initial yield is σ 0 . Work hardening , also known as strain hardening , is the process by which a material's load-bearing capacity (strength) increases during plastic (permanent) deformation.

  5. Hardness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardness

    Diagram of a stress-strain curve, showing the relationship between stress (force applied per unit area) and strain or deformation of a ductile metal In solid mechanics , solids generally have three responses to force , depending on the amount of force and the type of material:

  6. Flow stress - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow_stress

    Other models may also include the effects of strain gradients. [3] Independent of test conditions, the flow stress is also affected by: chemical composition, purity, crystal structure, phase constitution, microstructure, grain size, and prior strain. [4] The flow stress is an important parameter in the fatigue failure of ductile materials.

  7. Deformation (engineering) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deformation_(engineering)

    Depending on the type of material, size and geometry of the object, and the forces applied, various types of deformation may result. The image to the right shows the engineering stress vs. strain diagram for a typical ductile material such as steel.

  8. Ogden hyperelastic model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogden_hyperelastic_model

    The Ogden material model is a hyperelastic material model used to describe the non-linear stressstrain behaviour of complex materials such as rubbers, polymers, and biological tissue. The model was developed by Raymond Ogden in 1972. [ 1 ]

  9. Stress–strain analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stressstrain_analysis

    Stressstrain analysis (or stress analysis) is an engineering discipline that uses many methods to determine the stresses and strains in materials and structures subjected to forces. In continuum mechanics , stress is a physical quantity that expresses the internal forces that neighboring particles of a continuous material exert on each other ...