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Hypotonia is a state of low muscle tone [1] (the amount of tension or resistance to stretch in a muscle), often involving reduced muscle strength. Hypotonia is not a specific medical disorder, but a potential manifestation of many different diseases and disorders that affect motor nerve control by the brain or muscle strength.
The cause is believed to be muscle tension or spasms within the affected musculature. [1] Diagnosis is based on the symptoms and possible sleep studies. [1] Treatment may include pain medication, physical therapy, mouth guards, and occasionally benzodiazepine. [1] It is a relatively common cause of temporomandibular pain. [1]
Myotonia congenita is a congenital neuromuscular channelopathy that affects skeletal muscles (muscles used for movement). It is a genetic disorder.The hallmark of the disease is the failure of initiated contraction to terminate, often referred to as delayed relaxation of the muscles and rigidity. [1]
Cramp fasciculation syndrome (CFS) is a rare [1] peripheral nerve hyperexcitability disorder. It is more severe than the related (and common) disorder known as benign fasciculation syndrome ; it causes fasciculations , cramps, pain, fatigue, and muscle stiffness similar to those seen in neuromyotonia (another related condition). [ 2 ]
Stiff-person syndrome (SPS), also known as stiff-man syndrome, [1] is a rare neurological disorder of unclear cause characterized by progressive muscular rigidity and stiffness. The stiffness primarily affects the truncal muscles and is characterised by spasms , resulting in postural deformities.
There have been a plethora of treatment options tested to ameliorate the yips, including clinical sport psychology therapy, motor imagery, pre-performance routines, medication, botulinum toxin, acupuncture, and emotional freedom techniques. However, their possible effectiveness is primarily based on personal experience rather than well-founded ...
A baclofen pump has been used to treat patients of all ages exhibiting muscle spasticity along with dystonia. The pump delivers baclofen via a catheter to the thecal space surrounding the spinal cord. The pump itself is placed in the abdomen. It can be refilled periodically by access through the skin. Baclofen can also be taken in tablet form [40]
This form, similarly to other forms of AMPS, is known to be able to spread from one limb to a new limb. 35% of people effected with CRPS report full-body impacts from the condition. Common symptoms of CRPS include musculoskeletal pain ; swelling ; changes to the skin texture, color, or temperature; and limited range of motion .