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  2. Session layer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Session_layer

    Session-layer services are commonly used in application environments that make use of remote procedure calls (RPCs). [2] An example of a session-layer protocol is the OSI protocol suite session-layer protocol, also known as X.225 or ISO 8327. In case of a connection loss this protocol may try to recover the connection. If a connection is not ...

  3. OSI protocols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_protocols

    OSI model Layer Protocol data unit (PDU) Function [3] Host layers 7 Application: Data: High-level protocols such as for resource sharing or remote file access, e.g. HTTP. 6 Presentation: Translation of data between a networking service and an application; including character encoding, data compression and encryption/decryption: 5 Session

  4. OSI model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_model

    The application layer is the layer of the OSI model that is closest to the end user, which means both the OSI application layer and the user interact directly with a software application that implements a component of communication between the client and server, such as File Explorer and Microsoft Word.

  5. List of network protocols (OSI model) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_network_protocols...

    For example, if some host needs a password verification for access and if credentials are provided then for that session password verification does not happen again. This layer can assist in synchronization, dialog control and critical operation management (e.g., an online bank transaction).

  6. Network architecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_architecture

    The Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI model) defines and codifies the concept of layered network architecture. Abstraction layers are used to subdivide a communications system further into smaller manageable parts. A layer is a collection of similar functions that provide services to the layer above it and receives services from the layer ...

  7. Circuit-level gateway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit-level_gateway

    Circuit-level gateways work at the session layer of the OSI model, or as a "shim-layer" between the application layer and the transport layer of the TCP/IP stack. They monitor TCP handshaking between packets to determine whether a requested session is legitimate.

  8. Session multiplexing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Session_multiplexing

    Session multiplexing in a computer network is a service provided by the transport layer (see OSI Layered Model). It multiplexes [1] several message streams, or sessions onto one logical link and keeps track of which messages belong to which sessions (see session layer). An example of session multiplexing—a single computer with one IP address ...

  9. Network packet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_packet

    In the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking, packet strictly refers to a protocol data unit at layer 3, the network layer. [2] A data unit at layer 2, the data link layer , is a frame . In layer 4, the transport layer , the data units are segments and datagrams .